摘要
洛克的《教育漫话》真正的教育对象,不是平民子弟,也不是普通绅士,而是政治精英。《教育漫话》所勾勒的关键素养有:良好的教养;坚忍;遵从理性、克制偏好;慷慨正直;爱好名誉;辅助德行的知识与技能。这些关键素养处处指向政治事业。在德行的培养中,洛克认为,对于儿童来说,谦逊比自信更重要。在知识与技能中,洛克专门强调年轻绅士要潜心研究自然法的经典著作,这与洛克本人的政治理论是相契的。在教育的实施方面,洛克主张,政治精英教育的总原则是顺应天性,采取私人教育的方式,杜绝辩论习气,极力主张从小就培养年轻绅士(口头和书面)讲故事的能力。洛克的"白板说"指的是人的头脑中没有天赋观念,但并不是说人没有天生的禀赋或倾向,因此由"白板说"并不能推导出"教育万能论"。
The true educatees of John Locke＇s Some Thoughts Concerning Education are not average kids, or general gentlemen, but political elite. The key competencies that Some Thoughts Concerning Education illustrated are being well-bred, fortitude, following their reason and getting a mastery over their inclinations, liberality and justice, the love of reputation, knowledge and skills being subservient to virtue. All these key competencies refer to political career.In the cultivation of virtue, Locke holds that for children, modesty is more important than confidence. In the obtaining of knowledge and skills, Locke emphasizes that young gentlemen must constantly dwell upon the classics of natural law. This proposition accords with Locke＇s own political theory. As for the conduct of education, Locke insists that the general principle of education is to follow one＇s natural genius. Locke prefers a private education, rather than school education. For educational strategies, Locke specially reminds us that the habit of disputing must be prohibited. He strongly recommends that the tutor cultivate the ability of storytelling （in both oral and written language） in his student from a young age. Locke＇s theory of tabula rasa means that there is no innate idea in people＇ s mind, but it doesn＇ t mean there is no gift or inclination in people. So the theory of tabula rasa cannot logically lead to the theory of education omnipotence.
出处
《全球教育展望》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第6期85-92,共8页
Global Education
关键词
《教育漫话》
政治精英
自然法
名誉
Some Thoughts Concerning Education
political elite
natural law
honor
