摘要
《生成式人工智能服务管理办法(征求意见稿)》的出台,标志着我国立法者已经开始关注生成式人工智能的社会影响。该办法规定了“生成式人工智能”的法律概念,但其规定的内容却存在显著瑕疵。之所以如此,是源于生成式人工智能的“自注意”本质属性容易引发“生成式人工智能是否法律主体”的争论,而这一争论是立法者所极力避免的。只不过,法律规范的“不承认”实质上就是“承认”的一部分,进而导致,或者这一概念规范是无意义的,或者未来的人类会遭遇异化。此时,“社会存在决定意识”这一马克思的经典命题,为生成式人工智能的法律规制提供了再分配路径的另一种可能。在这种路径下,人工智能的主体性不再是核心问题,核心问题是人机关系,即被转化为了嵌入人工智能系统里面的人的主体性是否减损。
The publication of“The Measures for the Administration of Generative AI Services(Draft for Consultation)”indicates that legislators have begun to pay attention to the social impact of generative AI.This document stipulates the legal concept of“Generative Artificial Intelligence”,but the content of the concept has obvious defects.The reason is that the nature of“Self-attention”of Generative AI can easily lead to the debate of“whether generative AI is the subject of law”,which is the point the legislators try to avoid.However,the“Non-recognition”of regulation is essentially part of the“Recognition”,which leads to useless regulation or alienation of human beings in the future.At this time,one of Marxism's classical propositions,“social existence determines consciousness”,provides another possibility for the regulation of generative AI.In this way,the subjectivity of AI is no longer the core problem,and the core problem is transformed to be whether the human subjectivity embedded in the AI system is diminished.
出处
《地方立法研究》
2023年第4期36-52,共17页
Local Legislation Journal
基金
上海市社会科学规划一般课题“上海数据治理模式的法理探索”(2019BFX011)的阶段性成果。
关键词
生成式人工智能
法律主体
承认
再分配
社会存在
generative AI
legal subject
recognition
redistribution
social existence
