摘要
在法理逻辑上,人作为唯一主体是法律存在的前提和基础,人工智能不具备独立意思表示能力,以及法律伦理决定了人工智能的非主体性。在实践层面,当前人工智能主体性构成要件尚不完备,人工智能非主体性更有利于强化设计、管理等人员的谨慎义务,有利于受害人合法权益保护。人工智能自身作为人工智能侵权行为责任承担主体的想法在理论上很难自洽,在实践上也存在诸多不便。为了更好地建立人工智能侵权的责任承担机制,在人工智能非主体性前提下,设定人工智能侵权责任承担的法定主体,实行侵权损害举证责任倒置,建立特别的人工智能侵权责任承担方式,为人工智能健康发展提供科学有力的法律保障。
The legal non-subjectivity of artificial intelligence,in legal logic,human being as the only subject is the premise and foundation of legal existence,artificial intelligence does not have the ability to express independent will,and legal ethics determines the non subjectivity of artificial intelligence.At the practical level,the main elements of artificial intelligence are not complete at present,and the non subjectivity of artificial intelligence is more conducive to strengthen the cautious obligation of design and management personnel,and to protect the legitimate rights and interests of victims.The idea that artificial intelligence itself should be taken as the subject of artificial intelligence tort liability is difficult to be self consistent in theory and inconvenient in practice.In order to better establish the liability bearing mechanism of artificial intelligence infringement,under the premise of non subjectivity of artificial intelligence,the legal subject of artificial intelligence tort liability should be set up,the inversion of burden of proof for infringement damage,and the establishment of special artificial intelligence tort liability bearing mode can provide scientific&powerful legal protection for the healthy development of artificial intelligence.
出处
《法学杂志》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第4期83-90,共8页
Law Science Magazine
关键词
人工智能
非主体性
侵权责任
侵权主体
artificial intelligence
non-subjective
tort liability
subject of infringement
