摘要
中国式现代化进程中的就业保障经历了从减少失业到充分就业再到高质量就业的转变,从服务经济到增强社会功能再到促进人的全面发展、实现共同富裕的转变。微观层面“高质量充分就业—稳定合理的工资定价机制—劳动者物质富裕—劳动者精神富裕—共同富裕”和宏观层面“统一劳动力市场—高质量充分就业—激励性的分配结构—经济高质量发展—共同富裕”是推动共同富裕实现的两条逻辑线。对照共同富裕目标,当前高质量充分就业保障制度体系仍存在短板:就业结构失衡、工资差距大、劳动福利忽视心理和精神健康、社会保险权益待遇差距较大、分散分立的就业培训体系缺乏市场导向性和规范性等。实现高质量充分就业需遵循缩“差”、扶“弱”、促“富”三原则,从四个制度着手:整合分散的就业保障体系,构建全面的就业促进制度;建立综合性社会保险和复合型失业保障制度;健全公平的劳动权益保障制度;完善高效的职业教育和技能培训制度。
The employment security in the process of Chinese modernization has experienced the transformation from reducing unemployment to full employment and then to high-quality employment,from serving the economy to enhancing social functions and then to promoting the all-round development of people and achieving common prosperity.At the micro level“high-quality and full employment-stable and reasonable wage pricing mechanism-material prosperity of laborers-spiritual prosperity of laborers-common prosperity”and at the macro level“unified labor market-highquality and full employment-incentive distribution structure-high-quality economic development-common prosperity”are the two logical lines to promote common prosperity.Compare with the goal of common prosperity,there are still shortcomings in the current high quality and full employment security system:unbalanced employment structure,large wage gap,labor welfare that ignore psychological and mental health,widening gap in social insurance benefits for different groups,and fragmented employment training system that lacks market orientation and standardization.To achieve high-quality and full employment,we need to follow the three principles of narrowing the“gap”,supporting the“weak”and promoting the“rich”,and start from four systems:integrating the decentralized employment security system and building a comprehensive employment promotion system,establishing a comprehensive social insurance and compound unemployment insurance system,improving the fair labor rights and interests protection system,and improving efficient vocational education and skills training systems.
作者
周明
雷雁淘
ZHOU Ming;LEI Yan-tao(School of Public Administration,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China)
出处
《西北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第4期27-36,共10页
Journal of Northwest University：Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“海峡两岸劳动力流动现状调查与劳动权益保障研究”(18ZDA083)。
关键词
共同富裕
高质量充分就业
理论逻辑
就业保障制度
common prosperity
high-quality full employment
theoretical logic
employment security system
