美英日德法科技创新对产业发展的影响研究

Research on the Impact of Scientific and Technological Innovation on IndustrialDevelopment in the United States, Britain, Japan, Germany and France

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摘要以美英日德法2011—2020年的数据为研究样本,构建产业发展水平指标体系,分析美英日德法科技创新对产业国际竞争力、产业就业结构、产业绿色发展的影响,讨论科技创新对产业发展水平的影响。研究发现,随着科技创新能力的变化,五国的高技术出口指数都有所减少,美德的国际市场占有率有所增加,英日德的贸易竞争力指数有所增加;英日德法的就业产业结构有所优化,美英德法的就业技能结构有所改善,五国的就业知识结构都有所优化;美英的能源耗费指数、污染排放指数都有所减少,美英法的增长质量有所增加;2011—2019年,美英产业发展水平随科技创新能力的增强而增加,日法随科技创新能力的增强而减少,德国随科技创新能力的减弱而减少。 Taking the data of the United States,Britain,Japan,Germany and France from 2011 to 2020 as the research sample,this paper constructed an index system for industrial development level,analyzed the impact of scientific and technological innovation on the industrial international competitiveness,industrial employment structure,and green development of industry,and discussed the effects of scientific and technological innovation on the industrial development level.It was found that with the change of the ability of scientific and technological innovation,the high-tech export index of the five countries has declined,the international market share of the United States and Germany has increased,and the trade competitiveness index of Britain,Japan and Germany has increased;the industrial employment structure of Britain,Japan,Germany and France has been optimized,the employment skills structure of the United States,Britain,Germany and France has been improved,and the employment knowledge structure of the five countries has been optimized;the energy consumption index and pollution emission index of the United States and Britain have declined,and the growth quality of the United States,Britain and France has declined.From 2011 to 2019,the industrial development level of the United States and Britain increased with the increase of the ability of scientific and technological innovation,that of Japan and France decreased with the increase of the ability of scientific and technological innovation,while that of Germany decreased with the decrease of the ability of scientific and technological innovation.

作者杨菲钟书华 YANG Fei;ZHONG Shuhua(School of Public Administration,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区华中科技大学公共管理学院

出处《科技与经济》 2023年第2期26-30,共5页 Science & Technology and Economy

基金中国工程院国际合作战略研究与咨询项目——“世界主要国家学术、工程、职业发展体系研究”(项目编号:2022-GJ-03,项目负责人:尤政)成果之一。

关键词科技创新产业发展国际竞争力就业结构绿色发展 scientific and technological innovation industrial development international competitiveness employment structure green development

分类号 F113.3 [经济管理—国际贸易]