摘要
使用膜分离技术对水飞蓟毛油进行精制脱胶,并进行工艺优化。以通量和脱胶率为主要指标,同时参考碘值、过氧化值、酸价等指标,对孔径分别为300、800 nm和1μm的无机氧化铝陶瓷膜以及膜截留分子量均为10 kDa的聚酰胺(PAN)膜、醋酸纤维素(CA)膜、聚醚砜(PES)膜的三种有机膜进行筛选,筛选出膜污染小、脱胶率高、通量适中的膜材料。对筛选出的PES膜进行膜截留分子量、压力及油溶比三个方面的正交工艺优化,使用气质联用仪对比精制前后脂肪酸的组成,使用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察实验前后膜的形态。结果表明:PES膜脱胶率为73.33%,通量为14.69 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1),碘值为111.1 g/100 g,过氧化值为0.115 g/100 g,酸值为5.7 g/mg,综合效果最好。该膜经正交优化后的条件为膜截留分子量8 kDa、油溶比1:3、压力0.3 MPa。RSD为1.93%<2%,说明此条件稳定可行。在该条件下水飞蓟油脱胶率可达95%以上,且脂肪酸与原油相比基本无损失。经SEM观察PES膜在正己烷中性质较稳定,可用于膜分离试验。
The crude milk thistle oil was refined and degummed using membrane separation technology and the process was optimized. Taking flux and degumming as the main indicators, and referring to indicators such as iodine value, peroxide value, acid value, etc., inorganic alumina ceramic membranes with pore sizes of 300, 800 nm and 1 μm and organic membranes with a molecular weight cut-off of 10 kDa were screened. Three organic membranes including polyamide(PAN) membrane, cellulose acetate(CA) membrane and polyethersulfone(PES) membrane were screened, and membrane materials with low membrane pollution, high degumming rate and moderate flux were screened out. The selected PES membrane was optimized by orthogonal process in terms of membrane molecular weight cut-off, pressure and oil-soluble ratio. The composition of fatty acids before and after refining was compared with a gas-mass spectrometer, and the morphology of the membrane before and after the experiment was observed by scanning electron microscope(SEM). The results showed that the degumming rate of PES membrane was 73.33%, the flux was 14.69 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1), the iodine value was 111.1 g/100 g, the peroxide value was 0.115 g/100 g, and the acid value was 5.7 g/mg. The overall effect was the best. The conditions of the membrane after orthogonal optimization were the membrane molecular weight cut-off of 8 kDa, the oilsoluble ratio of 1:3, and the pressure of 0.3 MPa. RSD was 1.93%<2%, indicating that this condition was stable and feasible. Under these conditions, the degumming rate of milk thistle oil could reach more than 95%, and there was basically no loss of fatty acid compared with crude oil. According to SEM observation, PES membrane was relatively stable in nhexane and could be used for membrane separation test.
作者
邓小敏
谢建君
马欣艾
孟治平
陈轩宇
韩星星
梁银妹
朱华旭
付廷明
DENG Xiaomin;XIE Jianjun;MA Xin'ai;MENG Zhiping;CHEN Xuanyu;HAN Xingxing;LIANG Yinmei;ZHU Huaxu;FU Tingming(School of Pharmacy,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Provincial Botanical Medicine Refinement Engineering Research Center,Nanjing 210023,China)
出处
《食品工业科技》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第10期189-197,共9页
Science and Technology of Food Industry
基金
江苏省重点研发计划(社会发展)项目(BE2019721)
江苏省中药资源产业化过程协同创新中心重点项目(ZDXM-1-8)。
关键词
水飞蓟油
油脂精炼
膜分离
脱胶
脂肪酸组成
气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)
milk thistle oil
oil refining
membrane separation
degumming
fatty acid composition
gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)
