摘要
民族地区实施宅基地退出比其他经济较发达地区更加复杂和困难,民族地区宅基地保障功能强,退出的需求基础和经济基础薄弱,退出宅基地等同切断供养的血脉。因此,开展宅基地退出工作需要全方位考量,因地施策。基于行为经济学理论,研究土地依赖等因素对民族地区农户宅基地退出意愿的影响,结果表明:民族地区农户宅基地退出意愿具有利他互惠性,并容易产生参照依赖;对政府认知偏差的锚定心理、现状偏见会阻碍农户宅基地退出,土地依赖显著负面影响农户宅基地的退出意愿;禀赋效应对农户宅基地退出作用不明显,说明经济补偿与退出宅基地并不是一种替代关系。因此,开展宅基地退出工作的前提是加强退地农户城乡教育保障、住房保障、养老保障、医疗保障体系的建设;规制政府行为,消除农户偏差的锚定心理;尊重农户生活习惯,加强对农民的职业技能培训,减少农户对土地的依赖,充分调动农户宅基地退出的积极性。
There are many reasons why returning homestead in ethnic minority areas tends to be more complicated and more difficult compared with that in relatively developed regions.Firstly,residents′right to housing land in those areas are more safely protected.Secondly,demand for such lands,as well as the economic basis for the returning,is not strong enough.Thirdly,for rural residents,yielding homestead is almost equal to cutting off their lifeblood.And all those factors,together with local conditions,should be taken into account if the policy of returning homestead is to be implemented.Drawing on classic behavior economics theory,this study is aimed at investigating the impact of land dependence on rural residents′willingness to return homestead in ethnic minority areas.It is found that the willingness,which is reciprocal and vulnerable to reference dependence,is negatively influenced by the residents′anchoring bias towards the government.While their dependence on land is heavy,the endowment effect is weak,which means that returning homestead requires more than economic compensations.Therefore,a sound system that can ensure rural residents′education,housing security,pension,and medical care needs to be built if the policy is to be implemented successfully.The government′s behavior should also be institutionalized so that residents′anchoring bias can be removed.Moreover,respect for rural residents′habits and professional trainings are also needed so that their dependence on land can be reduced and their willingness to return homestead can be strengthened.
出处
《湖北民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
2020年第1期46-54,共9页
Journal of Hubei Minzu University：Philosophy and Social Sciences
基金
华中科技大学文科双一流建设项目
国家自然科学基金项目“基于案例库支持腐败与经济发展相关性研究”(71073060)
关键词
行为经济学
土地依赖
宅基地退出
民族地区
dependence on land
returning of homestead
behavior economics
ethnic minority areas
