摘要
为了探讨苹果采前落果与内源激素之间的关系,在采前8周间定期测定了不同苹果品种的果柄、果台和离层形成部位组织中IAA、ABA含量;在采收前20d内定期测定了离层部位组织中细胞壁分解酶(Cellulase)的活性;在收获期测定了果实乙烯的发生量。结果表明:不同品种果柄、果台和离层部位组织中IAA和ABA含量变化有差异,但它们变化的总趋势相似,都是随着果实成熟IAA含量下降,而ABA含量上升;不同品种的成熟果实中乙烯发生量有很大差异,以落果多的品种显著大于落果少的品种;采前落果重的品种离层部位组织中细胞壁分解酶的活性在果实成熟期急剧增加。由于果实进入成熟阶段后,IAA含量下降,ABA含量升高,ABA/IAA之间的相对平衡被打破,高ABA/IAA以及高乙烯会刺激离层组织中细胞壁分解酶的活性增高,进而促进离层形成,这可能是导致落果发生的原因。
In order to understand the relationship between endogenous phytohormones and preharvest fruit drop of apples, contents of IAA and ABA in peduncle,bourse and the tissues around abscission zone of several apple cultivars were periodically analyzed during 8 weeks before harvest,and activity of cellulase in the tissues around abscission zone were periodically analyzed during 20 days before harvest, and ethylene evolution in fruit were analyzed in harvest time. Results showed that contents of IAA and ABA in peduncle, bourse and the tissues around abscission zone among several cultivars were very different, but their trend of change was similar,IAA content decreased and ABA content increased toward harvest time for all the cultivars. Ethylene evolution in fruit of the cultivars with higher preharvest drop was evidently higher than the cultivars with less preharvest drop. Cellulase activity in the tissues around abscission zone of the cultivars with higher preharvest drop rapidly increased toward harvest time. Because of IAA content decreasing and ABA content increasing toward fruit maturity time, the relative balance of IAA and ABA was broken. A higher level of ABA/IAA caused increase of ethylene evolution in fruit and cellulase activity in tissues around abscission zone,which probably accelerated the forming of abscission zone and aggravated the fruit drop.
出处
《果树学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第1期6-10,共5页
Journal of Fruit Science
