摘要
《民法典》合同编第464条第2款规定身份协议可以根据其性质参照适用合同编,但未明确参照适用的条件。婚内协议的效力认定进路依次为是否有特别规定、是否属于可自治范围、是否具有特殊自治法理。婚内协议可自治范围需重点考察是否限制人格权益、违反婚姻法定内容、破坏婚姻伦理基础。婚内协议的特殊自治法理表现为非利己要素对意思表示的渗透和利益博弈的结构化,最终体现为意思表示的偏差性。夫妻财产约定协议需满足关联性、结构性、现时性要求,以此为基点,夫妻间赠与应区分为夫妻财产约定、一般赠与、无任意撤销权赠与三种解释类型。夫妻忠诚协议的生效条件为:以履行基础夫妻忠实义务为内容;不得限制人格权益、违反婚姻法定内容;不得约定过高的赔偿数额;签订书面协议。单方虚假意思表示、重大误解、欺诈、胁迫规则,对婚内协议应当限缩适用。
Article 464(2)of Book of Contract in Civil Code stipulates that agreement concerning personal relationships can be applied by reference to Book of Contract according to its nature,but the applicable conditions are not specified.The logical route to determine the validity of marital agreement is to judge whether there are special provisions,whether it can be autonomous and whether it has special autonomy principles.In order to judge the qualification of autonomy of marital agreement,we should focus on whether it restricts the rights and interests of personality,violates the legal content of marriage,or destroys the ethical foundation of marriage.The special autonomy principles of marital agreement is manifested in the penetration of non-self interests into the expression of will and the structuring of interest game,which finally reflects the deviation in intention expression.The marital property agreement should meet the requirements of relevance,structure and current.Based on this,the gift agreement between husband and wife should be divided into three types:marital property agreement,gift contract and gift contract without arbitrary cancellation right.The conditions for the validity of the loyalty agreement are as follows:taking the basic behavior of performing the loyalty obligation as the content;not restricting the personality rights and interests or violating the legal content of marriage;not stipulating too high compensation amount;signing a written agreement.The rules of unilateral false declaration of will,gross misunderstanding,fraud and coercion should be applied to marital agreement restrictively.
出处
《法学评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第6期181-193,共13页
Law Review
基金
国家社科基金项目“民法典的溯及力研究”(项目编号:21BFX016)的阶段性成果
武汉大学自主科研项目(人文社会科学)研究成果
“中央高校基本科研经费专项资金”资助
关键词
婚内协议
意思自治
夫妻间赠与
夫妻忠诚协议
意思表示瑕疵
Marital Agreement
Autonomy of Will
Gift Between Husband and Wife
Matrimonial Fidelity Agreements
Defect of Will Declaration
