摘要
刑事诉讼实践中频发的迟延乱象,意味着时间使用的低效和诉讼成本的浪费。附随的懈怠、渎职、贪腐等质疑,还将瓦解刑事司法公信。借鉴域外法治国家和地区的制度实例和理论思考,规制迟延的实体法措施可被提炼为量刑补偿、职业惩戒、金钱支付等三种模式,其在设计原理、适用规律、功能侧重等方面各有特色。我国的三类措施虽有雏形但却效果羸弱,难以提升迟延者的时间滥用成本,亟需开展理论检讨和制度改良。首先,明确迟延作为启动规制措施的事由,夯实两者在制度上的因果关系。其次,废除刑期折抵制度,将被告人的程序痛苦及迟延情况,确立为量刑从轻情节。再者,改良迟延惩戒的权限和时机,有效强化拟追责主体的抗辩权。最后,废除“无罪赔偿”原则,逐步实现金钱支付标准的明确化和法定化。
The frequent delays and chaos in the practice of criminal litigation means the inefficient use of time and the waste of litigation costs.The accompanying questions such as delay,dereliction of duty and corruption will also undermine the credibility of criminal justice.Drawing lessons from the systems and theories of countries and regions under the rule of law outside the territory,the substantive measures aimed at regulating delays can be refined into three modes:penalty reduction,professional punishment,and monetary payment.They have various design principles,application rules,and functional effects.The three types of measures in our country are only rudimentary but not effective.It is diffi cult to increase the cost of time abuse for those who delay.Therefore,theoretical review and system improvement are urgently needed.First,clarify delay as the reason for the initiation of the three types of measures,and consolidate the causal relationship between the two in the system.Second,abolish the penalty-off system,and establish the defendant’s procedural pain and delay as a lighter sentence.Third,improve the authority and timing of delayed punishment,effectively strengthen the defense rights of the subject to be held accountable.Last,abolish the principle of“not guilty compensation”,and gradually realize the clarifi cation and legalization of monetary payment standards.
出处
《政法论坛》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第4期140-155,共16页
Tribune of Political Science and Law
基金
2019年国家社会科学基金一般项目“刑事诉讼进程调控论”(19FFXB011)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
诉讼迟延
量刑补偿
金钱支付
职业惩戒
Litigation Delay
Penalty Reduction
Monetary Payment
Professional Punishment
