摘要
针对农机具节能减排和提高秸秆根茬粉碎率等问题,优化设计了一种与大功率拖拉机配套的旋耕灭茬播种机的灭茬刀辊系统,系统由刀片、刀盘和刀轴等组成。根据灭茬机理,设计出灭茬刀具,并采用三维软件建模。同时,运用EDEM离散元仿真软件进行旋切虚拟试验,检验设计的刀辊系统的工作性能。通过仿真试验对比,测定灭茬刀辊的扭矩与切削速度、刀辊转速的关系,观察分析秸秆根茬被灭茬刀辊切断粉碎情况及灭茬刀辊对土壤的扰动情况。田间试验结果表明:各项指标均达到了国家相关标准的技术要求,整机的作业速度和刀辊的工作转速在0.4m/s、600r/min条件下刀辊碎土性能最好;整机的作业速度、刀辊的工作转速相比灭茬深度对碎茬率的影响比较显著,作业速度和刀辊的工作转速在0.6m/s、600r/min条件下刀辊灭茬性能最好。该研究可为灭茬刀辊系统设计提供参考。
Aiming at the problems of energy saving and emission reduction of agricultural machinery and the improvement of stubble crushing rate of straw,this paper optimizes the design of the stubble cutter roll system of rotary tillage stubble seeder,which is matched with a high horsepower tractor.The stubble cutting roller system is composed of a blade,a cutter head and a cutter shaft.According to the stubble mechanism,the stubble cutting tool is designed,and the 3 D software is used to model the cutting tool.Then,EDEM discrete element simulation software is used to carry out the virtual test of rotary cutting,and to test the working performance of the designed tool roller system.The relationship between cutting speed and cutting speed of stubble cutter roller was measured by comparison of simulation test.Observation and analysis of stubble cutter roller cutting and crushing;and stubble cutter roller disturbance to the soil.Field experiments were carried out on the whole machine.According to the experimental results,all the indexes met the technical requirements of the relevant national standards.When the operating speed of the whole machine and the working speed of the cutter roll were 0.4 m/s and 600 r/min,the performance of the cutter roller was the best.The operating speed of the whole machine and the working speed of the cutter roll have a significant effect on the stubble rate compared with the stubble depth.When the operating speed of the whole machine and the working speed of the cutter roll are 0.6 m/s and 600 r/min,the stubble removal performance of the cutter roller is the best.The research can be used to design the stubble cutter roll system for reference.
作者
李自宣
徐可可
严诗友
许良元
杨洋
汪志祥
Li Zixuan;Xu Keke;Yan Shiyou;Xu Liangyuan;Yang Yang;Wang Zhixiang(Engineering College,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)
出处
《农机化研究》
北大核心
2020年第4期117-124,131,共9页
Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD07001004)
关键词
灭茬
刀辊系统
EDEM离散元素法
正交试验
统计学分析
stubble
tool roller system
EDEM discrete element method
orthogonal test
statistical analysis
