摘要
随着少数族裔人口的增加,少数族裔间互动对美国政治生态的影响日益凸显。历史上,美国各少数族裔为反对“白人至上主义”进行了广泛的合作,然而如今少数族裔间的矛盾和纷争却不断增加。就结构性因素而言,“种族三角”秩序下的不平等种族地位、围绕有限资源展开的竞争、居住环境的隔离等,加剧了美国少数族裔群体间的分化。就心理文化因素而言,身份威胁、刻板印象、沟通障碍、价值分歧等成为美国少数族裔间合作的阻碍。面对日益增长的少数族裔选民群体及其之间的复杂互动,美国民主党和共和党都在不断调整其政治策略,以赢取更多少数族裔的支持。超越“黑与白”对美国少数族裔间政治合作与冲突的历史、理论与实证进行的考察,为理解人口结构变化背景下美国种族与政治秩序的演化提供了重要启示。
As the U.S.witnesses a surge in its ethnic minority population,understanding the complexities of inter-minority relations becomes increasingly crucial to interpreting American racial politics.This paper aims to transcend the conventional Black-and-White racial model by delving into the intricate dynamics of inter-minority politics.While ethnic minority groups have historically united against white supremacy,contemporary trends indicate a rising tide of contradictions among these very groups.The underpinnings of these conflicts can be understood through the structural hierarchy of racial positions that fuel divisions among minority groups and are compounded by competition for limited resources and residential segregation.Beyond structural factors,an intricate web of psycho-cultural factors further obstructs inter-minority solidarity and cooperation,among which are perceived threats to ethnic and racial identity,entrenched and oftentimes internalized stereotypes,communication barriers,and divergent values.In response to the growing ethnic minority electorates and the multifaceted interactions among them,both the Democratic Party and the Republic Party are recalibrating their strategies to garner more support.Through an integrative analysis that synthesizes historical,theoretical,and empirical perspectives,this paper seeks to lluminate the nuanced evolution of American racial and political order amid demographic transformation.
作者
刘颜俊
李宗健
Liu Yanjun;Li Zongjian
出处
《美国研究》
北大核心
2023年第5期28-59,5,6,共34页
The Chinese Journal of American Studies
基金
北京大学公共治理研究所一般项目(项目编号:YBXM202210)
北京大学区域与国别研究学术基金的资助。
