摘要
从重视环境保护到生态文明建设理论再到生态文明先行示范区试点,标志着中国生态文明建设逐步从理论构建迈向实践探索,开拓了“绿水青山就是金山银山”新境界。如何在保持经济持续增长的同时降低碳排放强度仍是全球变暖背景下中国生态文明建设面临的严峻考验。在碳达峰与碳中和双目标约束下,文章基于2003—2019年中国30个省份面板数据,以2014年设立的5个国家级生态文明先行示范区作为准自然实验,在分析政策实施背景及其影响碳排放强度的理论机制基础上,分别运用合成控制与双重差分方法检验生态文明先行示范区建设对碳排放强度的影响,并考察试点政策的空间溢出效应。研究表明:整体而言,生态文明先行示范区建设显著降低了碳排放强度,且对福建、贵州和云南3省碳排放强度的促降效应尤为明显,且研究结论在稳健性检验后依然成立;机制分析结果显示生态文明先行示范区建设主要通过促进技术进步和发展绿色金融的正向激励作用以及优化能源结构和改善市场分割的逆向倒逼作用降低碳排放强度;空间溢出效应分析结果表明生态文明先行示范区建设对本地区与邻近地区碳排放强度下降均具有显著推动作用。因此,在生态文明先行示范区建设过程中,应在总结试点经验的基础上进一步扩大实施范围,并切实结合地区绿色发展差异,寻求降低碳排放的多维路径,加强跨地区交流与合作,以促进碳减排目标的实现。
From the emphasis on environmental protection to the development of the theory of ecological civilization construction and then to the establishment of ecological civilization demonstration areas,the development of China’s ecological civilization has gone from theoretical construction to practical exploration.A new initiative has been started to realize the vision that‘lucid waters and lush mountains are as valuable as gold and silver.′How to reduce carbon emission intensity while maintaining sustained economic growth is still a serious test for China’s ecological civilization construction in the context of global warming.Under the constraints of the dual goals of achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality,this study used the ecological civilization demonstration areas established since 2014 in five provinces in China as a quasi-natural experiment.Based on the 30 provincial-level panel data in China from 2003 to 2019,the analysis of the background of the policy implementation,and the theoretical mechanism affecting the carbon emission intensity,this article used the synthetic control method(SCM)and difference-in-differences(DID)method to test the impact of ecological civilization demonstration areas on carbon emission intensity and the spatial spillover effects.The results showed that:①On the whole,the ecologi‑cal civilization demonstration areas significantly reduced carbon emission intensity,and the reduction promoting effects in Fujian,Gui‑zhou,and Yunnan provinces were particularly obvious.These results still held after robustness tests.②The mechanism analysis showed that the ecological civilization demonstration areas reduced carbon emission intensity mainly through the positive incentive ef‑fects of promoting technological progress and developing green finance and the reverse pushback effects of optimizing energy structure and relieving market segmentation.③The spatial spillover results showed that this policy had a significant driving effect on the reduc‑tion of carbon emission inten
作者
汪克亮
许如玉
张福琴
苗壮
WANG Keliang;XU Ruyu;ZHANG Fuqin;MIAO Zhuang(School of Economics,Ocean University of China,Qingdao Shandong 266100,China;School of Economics,Southwestern University of Finance and Economics,Chengdu Sichuan 610074,China)
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第7期57-70,共14页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金项目“绿色发展视阈下的海洋经济效率:评价体系、影响因素及驱动政策”(批准号:71973131)
国家社会科学基金重点项目“绿色转型视角下中国积极参与全球经济治理体系改革研究”(批准号:21AZD067)。
关键词
生态文明建设
碳排放强度
合成控制法
双重差分模型
政策溢出
ecological civilization construction
carbon emission intensity
synthetic control method
difference‑in‑differences method
policy spillover
