摘要
本文在介绍区块链发展进程和功能特点的基础上,通过构建生产组织、加工商和经销商三部门模型,剖析区块链提升供应链创新福利水平和供应链绩效的增效机理,进一步阐释区块链赋能农业协同创新发展的管理机制,最后基于种植、养殖、加工等产业的4个典型案例进行了具体分析。研究结果表明:区块链的使用可以实现农业产业化发展过程中各组织的可信、协作和互联,促进多主体供应链的协调和管理,并完善相应的金融支持体系;引入区块链技术后,供应链可以提高数据质量,并通过降低企业预测误差,降低能耗、物耗与维护费用,减少人力资本需求等,提升供应链绩效和供应链创新福利水平;基于区块链多技术的融合创新,通过产业横向整合、纵向整合和空间整合,提升农业生产效率、改善产品市场表现、提升农业市场效率、优化农业空间布局,从而促进农业协同创新发展;4则案例引入区块链技术后,结构分工更加清晰明确,农产品流通方式更加顺畅完备,追溯、监管更加智能化和现代化,各主体绩效和福利水平均得到了提高。总之,区块链应用优化了农业产业化路径和产业链交易方式,通过加快"供应链+区块链""区块链+区域化"生产交易方式建设,推进产业链同类主体间的横向整合和上下游主体间的纵向整合,促进生产者降本增收和农产品提质增效。
On the basis of introducing the development and functional characteristics of blockchain technology,this article analyzes the synergistic mechanism of blockchain technology in improving agricultural welfare level by constructing a three-sector model of production organization,processor and distributor,and further explains the management mechanism of blockchain technology enabling agricultural collaborative innovation and development.Then,the study examines in detail four typical cases from the planting industry,the aquaculture industry and the processing industry.The results show that the use of blockchain technology can realize the credible cooperation and interconnection of various organizations in the process of agricultural industrialization,promote the determination,coordination and management of multi-agent supply chain and trade chain,as well as improve the corresponding financial support system.After the introduction of blockchain technology,the supply chain can enhance the data quality,and improve the supply chain performance and social welfare level by reducing enterprise prediction errors,reducing energy consumption,material consumption and maintenance costs,and reducing the demand for human capital.Based on the integration and innovation of multi-technology in blockchain technology,agricultural production efficiency,product market performance,agricultural market efficiency,and agricultural spatial layout can be improved through horizontal integration,vertical integration and spatial integration of industry.That can promote the development of agricultural collaborative innovation.The analysis of the four cases after the introduction of blockchain technology shows that the circulation mode of agricultural products has become much smoother,the traceability and supervision have become more intelligent and modern,and the performance of each subject and the welfare of farmers have been improved.Above all,the application of blockchain technology optimizes the path of agricultural industrialization and the tr
作者
生吉萍
莫际仙
于滨铜
王志刚
SHENG Jiping;MO Jixian;YU Bintong;WANG Zhigang
出处
《中国农村经济》
CSSCI
北大核心
2021年第12期22-43,共22页
Chinese Rural Economy
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“食品安全社会共治与跨界合作机制研究”(编号:20&ZD116)
国家自然科学基金面上项目“食品安全城乡差距效应的测度、形成机理及其对消费行为的影响机制研究”(编号:71773136)的阶段性研究成果。
关键词
区块链
农业发展
协同创新
技术赋能
案例分析
Blockchain
Agricultural Development
Collaborative Innovation
Technological Empowerment
Case Study
