摘要
1347年欧洲黑死病、15世纪末欧洲的梅毒、16世纪初美洲天花、1918年大流感的疫源地,是西方学术界关于世界历史上重大传染病研究中迄今争论不休的问题之一。由于缺乏充分的史料和实物证据,不同学者对这些传染病的起源地得出不同的结论,这是正常的学术研究现象。但是有些论著在缺乏可靠史料或罔顾历史事实,把这几种传染病的起源地置于亚非拉国家和地区,如把欧洲的梅毒和美洲的天花的起源都归咎于非洲奴隶、把"黑死病"起源地归咎于中国、把1918年大流感归咎于为协约国的胜利作出巨大牺牲和贡献的中国劳工。为了反对西方研究的偏见,我们不仅应该加强中外医学史研究,而且要加强中国医学史料的发掘和整理工作。
The issue of the origins of European bubonic plague in 1347,European syphilis at the end of the fifteenth century,American smallpox in the early sixteenth century,and 1918 influenza,was one of the debates in world infectious disease history.As a result of lacking sufficient historical data and physical evidences,scholars varied in the conclusions of the origin of these infectious diseases,which in terms of academic research,was a normal phenomenon.In the absence of reliable historical data or ignoring historical facts,however,some of the works located home to the above-mentioned diseases in Asian,African and Latin American countries and regions.For example,they attributed the origins of syphilis in Europe and smallpox in America to African slaves,the bubonic plague to China,and the 1918 influenza to Chinese laborers who made great sacrifices and contributions to the victory of the Allies.To confront the prejudice of these Western researches,we should strengthen not only the study of Chinese and foreign medical history,but also the excavation and collation of Chinese medical historical materials.
出处
《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第6期181-188,203,204,共10页
Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)
