摘要
目的:比较中国医学生人数集中与学业表现出色者的人格类型。方法:应用MBTI-M中文版,测量我国11所医学院校17460名学生的人格偏好和类型。结果:①我国医学生数量最多的人格:在4个维度上为内向(56.4%)-感觉(57.8%)-思考(52.8%)-判断(66.8%);在8种偏好上,标准化分数较高的是判断(0.662)、感觉(0.597)、思考(0.585)、外向(0.531);在16种人格类型上,ESTJ(15.2%)、ISTJ(13.8%)、INFP(9.2%)最高。②我国医学生学习成绩优秀的人格:在4个维度上,仅外向-内向和判断-知觉维度的学习成绩有差异(χ~2=12.312,15.875,P<0.01),内向的学生成绩优秀和良好的百分比(8.9%和37.7%)均高于外向者(7.7%和36.6%),知觉型的学生成绩优秀和较差的百分比(9.1%和11.8%)均高于判断型(8.0%和10.3%);在8种偏好上,仅4个偏好(外向、内向、判断和知觉)表现出了受到学习成绩的影响(F=8.552,8.872,4.902,4.385;P<0.01);在16种人格类型上,学习成绩优秀的比例最高的是INTP(12.1%)、ISTP(9.7%)、ENFP(9.3%)(χ~2=127.901,P<0.01)。结论:我国医学生典型人格与优势人格并不一致;我国医学生优势人格具有与人格主辅功能无关、受到后天培养的影响大、与内向人格相关性大等特征;人格与专业的匹配性并非绝对。
Objective:To compare the populous personalities of medical students in China and those of excellent academic performances.Methods:With Myers-Briggs Type Indicator(MBTI)-M Version,we measured the personality preferences and types of 17460 students in 11 medical colleges in China.Results:①The most quantities of personalities in the students were:I(56.4%)-S(57.8%)-T(52.8%)-J(66.8%)in 4 dismensions,the higher standardized scores were J(0.662),S(0.597),T(0.585),E(0.531)in 8 preferences;and the highest percentages in 16 personality types were ESTJ(15.2%),ISTJ(13.8%),INFP(9.2%).②It showed statistically significant differences in academic performance only in E-I and J-P dismensions(χ~2=12.312,15.875;P<0.01),the percentages of introversion in students with excellent and good records(8.9% and 37.7%)were both higher than that of extroversion(7.7% and 36.6%);and the percentages of perceiving students with excellent and poor records(9.1% and 11.8%)were both higher than that of judging(8.0% and 10.3%).Only the 4(E,I,J and P)preferences of 8 preferences were influenced by the records(F=8.552,8.872,4.902,4.385;P<0.01).In 16 Personality Types,the percentages with good marks were INTP(12.1%),ISTP(9.7%)and ENFP(9.3%)(χ~2=127.901,P<0.01).Conclusion:The typical personality of medical students in China are different from the dominant ones.The dominant personality of medical students in China is not related to the main and auxiliary functions of personality,is greatly influenced by postnatal training,and is closely related to introverted personality.The matching between personaltiy and specialty are not absolute.
作者
鲁娟
周师军
刘斌
LU Juan;ZHOU Shijun;LIU Bin(Naval Medical University Shanghai 200433,China)
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
2020年第8期1220-1225,共6页
China Journal of Health Psychology
基金
国家自然科学基金(编号:71603269)
上海市哲学社会科学规划教育学项目(编号:A1706)
中国高等教育学会“十三五”高等教育科学研究规划课题(编号:16YB039)
上海高校本科重点教学改革项目(沪教委高[2017]71号)。
关键词
医学生
典型人格
优势人格
MBTI-M
Medical students
Typical personality
Dominant personality
MBTI-M
