摘要
保守委托人的秘密被视为美国律师伦理的价值基石。律师-委托人特免权是美国律师保密制度的重要组成部分,其包括特免权主体、特免权的适用条件、特免权的例外与特免权的法律效果四部分内容。20世纪以来,美国律师保密制度不断受到各种冲击,其中以"吹哨者运动"最具挑战性。"吹哨者运动"在很大程度上已经对美国律师保密制度构成了实质性威胁。我国律师保密制度虽初具建制,但存有保密价值混同、保密制度义务化、行业自律性不足、救济措施缺失等缺陷。应当立足于委托关系、职业伦理以及社会公益三重视角,从完善我国律师法的相关规定、建立我国律师-委托人特免权制度、确立保密原则的例外以及律师伦理冲突的终止机制几方面完善我国的律师保密制度。
Keeping clients’ confidential has been regarded as a cornerstone of American lawyer ethics. Lawyer-client privilege is an important part of the principle of lawyer confidentiality in the United States. It includes subject,applicable condition,exception and legal effect of the privilege. Since the 20 th century,American lawyer confidentiality system has been under attacks and the most challenging is the whistleblower movement. The whistleblower movement has formed a threat to American lawyer confidentiality system. The principle of lawyer confidentiality in China has been primarily established. However,it has the apparent defects such as the confusion of confidentiality values,obligatory confidentiality system,insufficient trade self-discipline,lack of remedies. On the basis of the triple perspective of trust relationship,professional ethics and social welfare,it is suggested to re-construct our principle of lawyer confidentiality by perfecting relevant provisions of Chinese lawyer law,granting lawyer-client privilege,establishing exceptions to the principle of confidentiality and building termination mechanism for lawyer’s ethical conflicts.
出处
《法学杂志》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第2期102-114,共13页
Law Science Magazine
基金
司法部法治建设与法学理论研究部级科研一般项目"认罪认罚从宽程序性处理机制规范化研究"(项目批准号:2016SFB2030)的阶段性成果
关键词
律师保密制度
保密伦理
“吹哨者运动”
律师-委托人特免权
the system of lawyer confidentiality
the ethics of keeping clients’ confidential
the whistleblower movement
lawyer-client privilege
