摘要
辩护律师职业伦理既涉及法律人的道德形象,也涉及我国辩审关系的未来走向。自律师制度恢复以来,我国的辩护律师职业伦理经历了一个较大的波折和转变,尽管近年来辩护律师对当事人的忠诚义务得到强化,但与法庭的紧张关系却在不断加剧。在理论上,辩护律师职业伦理模式可以分为当事人中心主义和法庭中心主义两种模式,两种模式在辩护权来源、律师地位、辩护分工、利益冲突解决机制等方面有所不同,且各有优劣。为了平衡各种价值,美国、日本等越来越多的国家采用一种调和模式来调整辩护律师、当事人、法庭三者间的关系。对于我国《律师法》和律师执业规范所确立的律师三大责任,同样不应有所取舍,而应通过更加精细的规则与技术予以统合。未来,需要从忠诚义务的双重内涵、伦理冲突的考量原则、职业伦理的保障机制和惩戒机制等方面对辩护律师职业伦理予以矫正。
The professional ethics of defense lawyer not only involves the moral image of lawyers, but also the future trend of the relationship between defense and judge. After the restoration of attorney system, the professional ethics of defense lawyer in China has experienced a great change. In spite of the increased loyalty of the lawyer to the client, the tensions between courts and lawyers are increasing. Theoretically, the professional ethics of defense lawyer can be divided into two patterns, client-centralism and court-centralism. These two patterns are different in the source of lawyers’ rights, the status, the division of labor and the conflict resolution. Both of them have advantages and disadvantages. In order to balance all the values, America, Japan and more countries adopt a reconciled pattern to adjust the relationship among defense lawyer, parties, and courts. The three responsibilities of lawyers established by the Lawyers Law and lawyers’ professional standards should not be trade off, but be integrated through more elaborate rules. In the future, we should adjust defense lawyers’ professional ethics in terms of the double connotation of loyalty obligations, the principle of ethical conflict, and the safeguard mechanism and disciplinary mechanism of professional ethics.
出处
《法制与社会发展》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期193-209,共17页
Law and Social Development
基金
中国政法大学青年教师学术创新团队、中国政法大学科研创新青年项目“刑事辩审关系研究”(19ZFQ82002)的阶段性成果。
关键词
辩护律师
职业伦理
当事人中心主义
法庭中心主义
调和
Defense Lawyer
Professional Ethics
Client-centralism
Court-centralism
Reconcilement
