摘要
为改善聚苯胺(PANI)的电磁性能,在PANI中掺杂纳米氧化铝,并以过硫酸铵为氧化剂,盐酸为质子酸,采用化学氧化聚合法制备聚苯胺/纳米氧化铝复合材料。固定苯胺浓度为0.5 mol/L,以过硫酸铵浓度、盐酸浓度、纳米氧化铝质量和反应时间为因素设计4因素4水平正交试验,并制备出16组聚苯胺/纳米氧化铝复合材料。分析聚苯胺/纳米氧化铝复合材料的聚合机理,计算各组试样阻抗值,得出聚苯胺/纳米氧化铝复合材料的最佳制备条件,利用扫描电镜及红外光谱分析表征复合材料表面形貌及结构,计算最佳制备条件下复合材料的反射损耗。结果表明:所制备出的聚苯胺/纳米氧化铝复合材料呈核-壳结构,合成过程中有类似氢键的相互作用;当过硫酸铵浓度为0.025 mol/L,盐酸浓度为2 mol/L,纳米氧化铝为2.5 g,反应时间为6 h时,制备的聚苯胺/纳米氧化铝阻抗最小,且反射损耗值增加。
In order to improve the electromagnetic properties of polyaniline(PANI),nano-alumina was doped in PANI,and with ammonium persulfate as oxidant and hydrochloric acid as proton acid,the polyaniline/nano-alumina composites were prepared by chemical oxidation polymerization.The concentration of fixed aniline was 0.5 mol/L;with ammonium persulfate concentration,hydrochloric acid concentration,nano-alumina quality and reaction time as factors,four factors and four levels orthogonal experiments were designed,and sixteen groups of composites were prepared.The polymerization mechanism was analyzed,and the impedance values of each group of samples were calculated.The optimum preparation conditions were obtained.The surface morphology and structure of the composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and infrared spectroscopy,and the reflection loss of the composites under the optimum preparation conditions was calculated.The results show that the prepared composites have core-shell structure and hydrogen bond-like interaction during the synthesis process.When ammonium persulfate concentration is 0.025 mol/L,hydrochloric acid concentration is 2 mol/L,nano-alumina concentration is 2.5 g and reaction time is 6 h,the impedance of the composites is the smallest,and the reflection loss value increases.
作者
马明明
楚楚
罗顺
MA Mingming;CHU Chu;LUO Shun(School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Xi′an Polytechnic University,Xi′an 710048,China)
出处
《纺织高校基础科学学报》
CAS
2019年第1期95-101,共7页
Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities
基金
西安市科技局创新创业引领项目(201805030YD8CJ14(15))
关键词
化学氧化聚合法
聚苯胺
纳米氧化铝
阻抗
电磁参数
chemical oxidative polymerization
polyaniline
nano-alumina
impedance
electromagnetic parameters
