摘要
青海民和甘沟话的致使结构可以从形式上分为形态型和分析型两类,形态型使用动词附缀"-给"作为形态标记进行增价操作,分析型使用言说义动词"说"作为使役动词构成包含有补足小句的双及物句。两类致使结构表达不同的致使意义,形态型表达使成义致使和有给予/受益关系的致使,分析型表达使役义致使。形态型致使结构与土族语的致使结构在结构功能上存在整齐的对应关系,在接触中受土族语影响的可能性较大。就形式与意义的组配来看,汉语与阿尔泰语系语言的深刻接触导致了甘沟话致使表达系统的复杂化。
Causative constructions in the Gangou dialect of Qinghai Province can be divided into two types in terms of their formation:the morphological type which undergoes a valence-increasing process with a clitic gei(给);and the analytic type which is ditransitive construction with the verb shuo(说,say)taking a complement clause.These two types are used to express different causative meanings.The morphological causative construction is highly comparable with the causative construction in Mangghuer both structurally and functionally.This implies that its formation is probably influenced by Mangghuer under language contact.Based on the form-meaning collocation in the Gangou dialect,it is assumed that the in-depth contact between Chinese and Altaic languages may have caused the complexity of causative expressions in the Gangou dialect.
出处
《中国语文》
CSSCI
北大核心
2019年第2期215-230,256,共17页
Studies of the Chinese Language
基金
国家社科基金重点项目"历史语法视角下的青海甘沟话语法研究"(14AYY014)支持
关键词
致使结构
“-给”
形态型致使
分析型致使
语言接触
causative constructions
-gei(给)
morphological causative
analytic causative
language contact
