摘要
同步运用Qualisys三维运动采集与分析系统以及表面肌电测试系统对11名优秀男乒乓球运动员的反手中远台拉冲技术动作进行测试,对比分析相应数据后发现:反手中远台拉冲时腕、肘、肩、髋、膝、背等各环节都参与协同发力,甩腕、伸肘、挥前臂(以大臂为轴转动前臂)这三个环节是反手拉冲技术中提高挥拍速度的关键环节;大臂和前臂的最大正向发力是在引拍结束刚向前挥动的时刻,甩腕的最大发力相对稍晚,击球前的甩腕是最后的发力环节;击球瞬间球拍顶点的合速度正好处于最大值时刻,球拍向前的最大速度出现在击球时或击球稍前,而向上的最大速度出现在击球稍后;下肢各受试肌肉开始放电和最大放电时刻都稍早于上肢肌肉,且非持拍手侧下肢的最大发力整体上相对稍早于持拍手侧;挥拍击球过程中,非持拍手侧腿部发力为主导,持拍手侧辅助协调,非持拍手侧腿蹬地稍向持拍手侧转移重心;反手中远台拉冲时可适当增加引拍时身体的侧向拧转幅度,从而更好地发挥转腰和挥大臂的作用,以提高击球质量。
Corresponding indicators of 11 excellent male Table Tennis Players when they are stroking with technique of middle court backhand loop drive are tested by Qualisys three-dimensional motion capture and analysis systems and surface electromyography synchronizedly.After comparative analysis,It is found that when stroking with the technique of middle court backhand loop drive,the wrist,elbow,shoulder,hip,knee and back are involved in collaborative to work and shake wrist,Stretch elbow,wield the forearm are the key to increase racquet speed.Upper arm and forearm at its maximum force state at the end of the backswing just waved and the maximum force of wrist flicking relatively late.Before hit the ball,wrist flicking is the final power link and at the moment of the racket hit the ball,it’vertex speed squarely in the maximum.The time of the muscles’maximum discharge of lower limbs is earlier than upper limb muscles’and the lower limb’s maximum discharge of non-hitting arm is earlier than hitting arm.In the process of swing,the power of the non-hitting arm sideward thigh is primarily and the other is auxiliary.The non-hitting arm sideward thigh thrust against the ground to transfer barycenter to the other.In order to improve the quality of hitting,we can increase the amplitude of body’s lateral twist to make full use of the waist and the upper arm.
作者
蒋津君
姚家新
孟庆华
JIANG Jin-jun;YAO Jia-xin;MENG Qing-hua(Tianjin of Sport Institute,Tianjin300381,China)
出处
《南京体育学院学报》
2018年第5期44-56,63,共14页
Journal of Nanjing Sports Institute
基金
天津市哲学社会科学规划项目(项目编号:TJTY17-005)
关键词
乒乓球
反手中远台拉球
生物力学特征
table tennis
middle court backhand loop drive
biomechanical characteristics
