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粤语句末助词“嘅”ge2的语义和语法化途径 被引量:2

The meaning and grammaticalization path of the sentence-final particle 嘅 ge2 in Cantonese
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摘要 本文旨在探讨粤语句末助词"嘅"[kε^(25)](下面将标作ge2)的语义和语法化途径。首先对ge2的语义重新作出定义,认为ge2标志说话者在说话时将命题作为违反了自己的预期而成立的事态来提出。关于ge2的语法化途径,我们认为ge2是由结构助词"嘅"[kε^(33)](="的")组成的名词化结构"X嘅"带上句末上升语调"→"的构式"X嘅→"经过重新分析现象演变出来的。而当中"X嘅"是对语境中的主语事物进行归类的判断句的谓语。至于构式"X嘅→"与句末助词ge2之间的语义联系,我们可以看出"X嘅"隐含对比这一点确切反映在ge2的反预期语义当中。 This paper discusses the meaning and grammaticalization path of the sentence-final particle 嘅 ge2 in Cantonese.Firstly,a new definition of the particle ge2 is proposed:it expresses that the speaker presents the proposition of the sentence to the hearer(s)as a situation that is contrary to his/her expectation at the time of the utterance.It is then argued that the grammaticalization process of the particle ge2 involves reanalysis of a construction 'X-ge3→',that is,a combination of the nominalized structure 'X-ge3',headed by the nominalizer ge3,and the rising intonation '→'.The construction 'X-ge3→',where the grammaticalization takes place,means that the subject entity that appears in the context is assigned to a certain category by the speaker and the nominalized structure 'X-ge3' here functions as the predicate of the sentence.As for the connection between the original construction 'X-ge3→' and the sentence-final particle ge2,it is suggested that the semantic feature of the nominalized structure 'X-ge3',which carries a connotation of contrast,is also retained in the meaning of the counter-expectation marker ge2.
作者 饭田真纪
出处 《中国语文》 CSSCI 北大核心 2017年第4期421-437,共17页 Studies of the Chinese Language
关键词 粤语 句末助词 重新分析 结构助词 语调 Cantonese sentence-final particles reanalysis nominalizer intonation
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