摘要
目的：评价现行水痘疫苗接种程序对儿童水痘暴发疫情的保护效果及随时间推移的衰减情况。方法采用1∶1配对病例对照研究方法，对深圳市福田区2014年儿童暴发疫情中127例水痘病例进行调查分析，按年龄分层以是否罹患水痘选择对照，评价疫苗保护效果。结果5～8岁组的疫苗保护效果为77．78％（95％CI：55．32％～88．95％），9～12岁组未显示疫苗保护效果（χ^2＝3．45，P＞0．05）。水痘疫苗接种可降低病例发热同时减轻出疹症状（P均＜0．05），但保护效果在接种5～9年后仅为61．73％（95％CI：30．96％～78．79％）。结论接种水痘疫苗可预防水痘和减轻症状，但保护效果有所降低，建议适时开展2针次接种。
Objective To estimate the effectiveness of varicella vaccine, which was administered according to the present single dose schedule, against varicella at schools and children′s institutions, and discuss the attenuation of varicella vaccine effectiveness over time. Methods The 1：1 matched case-control study wasconducted. A total of 127 Children in the affected schools and institutionsin Futian district in Shenzhen during the year 2014 were divided into different age groups and the history of vaccination with varicella vaccine was analyzed. Results For the 5 to 8 year age group, the effectiveness of vaccination was 77.78%（95%CI：55.32%～88.95%）. For the 9 to 15 year age group,the effectiveness of vaccination was not found （χ^2=3.45,P〉0.05）.Vaccination of varicella vaccine could reduce the risk of fever and relieve the rash （P〈0.05）, but vaccination efficacy declined obviouslyin 5～9 years after vaccination against varicella, which was 61.73%（95%CI：30.96%～78.79%）. Conclusions Varicella vaccine is effective at preventing varicella among children and reducing the symptoms.As protection from the vaccine gradually decreases over time, a booster shot is needed at regular intervals.
作者
梁静
方琼
钟剑明
刘刚
LIANG Jing FANG Qiong ZHONG Jian-ming LIU Gang(Futian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518040 Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China)
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2016年第11期1441-1444,共4页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
基金
深圳市卫生计生系统科研项目(201502003)
关键词
水痘
暴发
疫苗保护效果
病例对照研究
Chickenpox
Outbreak
Vaccine effectiveness
Case-control study
