摘要
自俄罗斯1996年加入《欧洲人权公约》以来,俄罗斯公民起诉俄罗斯联邦的案件一直居高不下。一方面,俄罗斯当局按照公约规定努力执行欧洲人权法院的判决;另一方面,各职能部门对俄罗斯欧洲人权法院判决的执行乃至整个人权公约在俄罗斯的适用置疑不断,对一些敏感案件更是指责其具有政治倾向性,对俄罗斯适用不同标准等。尤其是欧洲人权法院判决俄罗斯向尤科斯石油公司股东赔偿巨款之后,俄罗斯当局终于在"忍无可忍"的情况下修订《宪法法院法》,规定俄宪法法院有权决定是否执行欧洲人权法院的判决。这一具有划时代意义的立法终结了欧洲人权法院的判决在俄罗斯无障碍适用的"黄金时代","人权高于主权"原则在俄罗斯的理论与司法实践也进入了一个新的历史阶段。
Since signing the ＂Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms＂ in 1996, the number of suits brought by Russian citizens towards Russian Federation has always been high. On the one hand, Russian authorities make efforts to enforce judgments of the European Court of Human Rights （hereinafter referred to as ECHR） complying with the convention, on the other hand, Russian functional departments and the community doubt about the applicability of judgments of the ECHR and even the whole implementation of the convention in Russia, when it comes to some sensitive events, the judgments are accused of having a political tendency or applying different standards to Russia. Especially after the ECHR deciding that the Russia shall pay a large sum of money to the Yukos shareholders, Russia amended the Act of Constitutional Court, regulating that the Constitutional Court has the right to decide whether to enforce the judgements of ECHR or not. This landmark resolution ended the unimpeded way drove by the judgments of the ECHR in Russia and also stopped their ＂Golden Age＂, and the principle of ＂human rights are higher than sovereignty＂ are entering a new historical period both in Russian theoretical and practical areas.
出处
《中外法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2016年第6期1554-1579,共26页
Peking University Law Journal
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目"法律文明史"(批准号:11&ZD081)之子课题"苏联法研究"的阶段性成果之一
关键词
俄罗斯
欧洲人权公约
欧洲人权法院
人权与主权
Russia
The European Convention on Human Rights
European Court of Human Rights
Human Rights and Sovereignty
