摘要
近几年多种单克隆抗体药物已成功上市并用于治疗人类多种疾病,但因单克隆抗体的复杂结构和高昂的生产成本,限制了其在临床上的广泛应用。随着生物技术的进步,使抗体朝着小型化的基因工程单域抗体发展。20世纪末,在骆驼科动物(camelidae)和护士鲨(nurse shark)体内发现一种天然缺失轻链的重链抗体(heavy chain antibody,HCAb),这种特殊抗体的抗原结合位点仅由单一结构域构成。该结构域在骆驼中称为VHH,经基因重组修饰易于进行工程表达,产物即称为VHH单域抗体,具有分子量小,可溶性好,稳定性高及组织穿透力强等优势,在调节免疫功能方面的应用前景更加广阔。就目前国际上对骆驼来源的VHH单域抗体在免疫治疗应用研究的进展情况进行综述,为基因工程单域抗体改造提供新思路。
Over the years,several monoclonal antibodies come into the market and have been successfully proved to be therapeutic in the treatments of many human diseases.However,the clinical use of mAbs was limited by their immunogenicity.With the development of biotechnology,the generation of smaller sized engineering antibodies is available,but the expensive cost of production still hampered the wide scale use of mAb.Till the end of the last century,a unique type of heavy chain antibody（HCAb）naturally devoid of L-chains was discovered in members of the Camelidae family and nurse shark,and its antigen binding site consists only of single domain,which was called VHH in camels.For the easy cloning of VHH and its other properties,such as small size,good solubility,high stability,the VHH antibody holds great promise in immunological modulation and therapy application.This review focuses on the potential therapeutic applications of single domain antibodies generated from camels,and might provide the new ideas for engineering antibodies.
出处
《生物技术通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2010年第6期27-32,共6页
Biotechnology Bulletin
