摘要
针对程朱理学"存天理,灭人欲"的理欲对立论,戴震提出了"理存乎欲"的理欲统一论。戴震认为,理欲关系的实质是絜情与同欲。戴震运用"自然"与"必然"这一对范畴论述了理欲的统一性。人的自然情欲满足的过程,就是必然之理逐步确立并得以实现的过程。戴震还运用"私"与"蔽"这一对范畴论述了理欲的矛盾性。"私"乃是"欲之失",属于道德问题;"蔽"乃是"知之失",属于认识问题。戴震重视"蔽",针对的是程朱理学重视"私"而不重视"蔽"的现象,目的在于批判程朱理学以个人主观见解来蒙蔽人们,引导人们重视独立思考,不要一味信从。
Comparatively, based on the oppose to the Neo-Confucianism which insisted the opinion of ＂saving the nature＇ s law, putting out the passion＂, Dai Zhen proposed that the reason existing in desire. Dai Zhen suggested that essence of ＂the reason existing in desire＂ is thinking and making himself mutual others comparatively. Dai Zhen analyzed the unity of ＂the reason existing in desire＂ through the couple conception of ＂nature＂ and ＂necessity＂. The process of the nature ardor is satisfied as well as the necessity is established and achieved. He discussed the contradiction of ＂the reason existing in desire＂ through the conception of ＂selfish＂ and ＂covering＂. The ＂selfish＂ is the blindness to desire, belonging to morality, and the ＂covering＂ is the blindness to wisdom, belonging to knowledge. The Neo- Confucianism emphasized the selfish issure, but not the blind. However, Dai Zhen emphasized the ＂covering＂ issure, aiming to criticize the Neo-Confucianism which used the selfish opinion to blind people, and to make people think himself but not obeying blindly.
出处
《西北师大学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第6期45-50,共6页
Journal of Northwest Normal University(Social Sciences)
关键词
戴震
理欲关系
理学
《孟子字义疏证》
Dai Zhen
relation of reason and desire
Neo-Confucianism
Mengzi Ziyi Shuzheng
