摘要
为探讨指背旗形皮瓣的血供方式,对20只成人手标本行细致的解剖学观测。结果:①手指背侧的皮肤主要由指掌侧固有动脉的背侧分支供应,指背动脉短小,只参与指背近节皮肤的血液供应。②手指背侧的静脉系统丰富,常吻合成网,在远侧、近侧指间关节及近节指中份形成第一、二、三级静脉弓。③第三级静脉弓粗大,近侧弯向指根部形成桡、尺侧指背静脉干,注入手背静脉网。④桡、尺侧静脉干之间的区域,几乎无静脉可见,可称为指背的“乏静脉区”。⑤静脉干至指中轴线的距离,在指背近节中份平面为4.1±0.1mm,掌指关节平面为5.2±0.2mm。由此对指背旗形皮瓣的解剖特点、设计原则及存活机理做了阐述。
Twenty adult cadavers were used to study the vessels of the flag flap in the dorsum of the finger with careful dissection and measurement.The results indicate:①The main blood supply to the dor- sum of the finger comes from the cutaneous branches of the proper palmar digital artery.The dorsal digi- tal artery is short and small,taking part in the blood supply of the dorsal digital skin of the proximal pha- langes.②The veins communicate with each other,forming the first,the second and the third venous arch at the level of the distal phalangeal joint,the proximal phalangeal joint and the middle of the proximal phalanges.③The third venous arch is big.Proximally,the veins grouped to form radial and ulnar trunks, which communicate with the dorsum veins.④There are almost no veins in the area between the radial and ulnar venous trunk,which might be called the“vein lacking area.”⑤The venous trunk,radial or ulnar, locates 4.1±0.1 mm from the midline of the finger dorsum at the middle of the proximal phalanges,and 5.2±0.2 mm at the metacarpophalangeal joint.Based on the results,we described the anatomical charac- teristics,the principle of design and the survival mechanism of the flag flap.
关键词
指背动脉
指背静脉
静脉弓
解剖
Dorsal digital arteries
Dorsal digital veins
Venous arch
