摘要
为了解小麦氮素营养代谢的动态变化规律,给优质专用小麦品种选育与应用提供科学依据,选用不同品质类型的四个小麦品种(系)济南17、PH82-2-2、PH97-4、PH97-5,在两种施氮水平和两种追肥时期下研究了籽粒游离氨基酸、蛋白质及其组分的动态变化。结果表明,籽粒发育初期游离氨基酸含量高,随籽粒发育其含量逐渐下降;蛋白质含量积累呈现"高-低-高"的变化趋势,品种之间差异显著,成熟期蛋白质含量高的品种一般有较高的游离氨基酸和蛋白质积累水平。不同品质类型小麦籽粒蛋白质组分含量变化动态基本一致,灌浆初期清蛋白含量较高,随籽粒发育逐渐下降,灌浆中后期下降趋缓;球蛋白总体含量水平较低,随籽粒发育缓慢下降,灌浆末期略有上升。醇溶蛋白在籽粒发育前期积累较少,花后14 d快速积累;谷蛋白在花后7 d已有一定的积累,随后其含量逐渐上升,强筋高蛋白品种有较高的醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白积累水平,在成熟籽粒蛋白质中谷蛋白和醇溶蛋白所占比例也高,弱筋低蛋白品种有相对较低的醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白积累,醇溶蛋白和谷蛋白所占比例也低。
Dynamic changes of amino acid, protein and its component of 4 wheat cultivars with different quality traits were investigated in the grains under the conditions of two N rates and two top dressing stages. The results indicated that free amino acid content had a high level in initial stages of grain development, and decreased gradually with the progress of grain development until maturity; protein content showed the same ＂high-low-high＂ trend, and cultivars with higher protein content had a higher accumulation level of free amino acid and protein. The content of each protein component showed the similar changing trend during grain developing period, but their contents were different at different stages. Albumin had a higher content at early developing stage, decreased slowly at late filling stage. Globulin content was relatively lower during whole grain developing period, slowly decreased with the development of grain, and increased slightly in the late stage of grain filling. Gliadin had less content at early developing period, and accumulated quickly after 14th day of anthesis. Glutenin had accumulated after 7th day of anthesis. Gliadin and glutenin contents went up gradually. The cultivar with higher protein had a higher Gliadin and glutenin accumulation level, and did the percentage of gliadin and glutenin on total protein in the same case, while the cultivars with lower protein content were on the reverse.
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第5期864-869,共6页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
国家计委山东聊城市优质小麦生产基地项目(计农经[2000]405号)
