摘要
从刑事司法实践来看,二审程序中上级检察机关新增抗诉意见成为检察机关抗诉时越来越常见的做法,但其在追求实体正义的同时,也存在不利于被告人的请求得不到相应的规制、“突袭式”请求与证据规则精神相悖、同种情形回应大相径庭等问题,同时由于相关理论支撑和规范引导的缺失使得说理模式与现实需要不相匹配。从检察一体的视角出发,新增抗诉请求有其自身合理性,需要给予一定的容许空间;从被告人权利保障的角度看,程序正义应当与实体正义并重,“二审新增抗诉请求”应加规制。在惩治犯罪与保障人权的冲突与融合中寻求制度本意,给出解决方案:一是确立不得对被告人更为不利的底线,从程序上充分保障被告人权利;二是进行类型化梳理,从新增抗诉请求类型出发确定具体的规制路径和对应的裁判文书说理模式,同时需要建立相应的程序保障机制。
From the perspective of criminal justice practice,it has become more and more common for the superior procuratorial organs to add protest opinions in the procedure of second instance when the procuratorial organs protest.However,while pursuing substantive justice,there are also some problems,such as the lack of corresponding regulation for the request unfavorable to the defendant,the contradictions between the“surprising”request and the spirit of the evidence rules,and the different response to the same situation.At the same time,owing to the lack of relevant theoretical support and normative guidance,the reasoning model does not match the practical needs.From the perspective of prosecutorial integration,the new protest request has its own rationality,which needs to be taken into consideration.From the perspective of the protection of the defendant's rights,procedural justice should be put in an equally important position to substantive justice,and thereafter“new protest request of second instance”should be regulated.In the conflict and integration between punishing crimes and protecting human rights,the original intention of the system is sought,and the solution is proposed.First,the bottom line should be established that the defendant should not be more unfavorable,and the rights of the defendant should be fully protected from the procedure.Second,the specific regulatory path and corresponding reasoning mode of judgment documents should be determined based on the types of new protest requests.At the same time,it is necessary to establish the corresponding procedure guarantee mechanism.
作者
陈鹏玮
杨翠琪
CHEN Pengwei;YANG Cuiqi(Law School,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,Jiangsu,China;Anhui Provincial Administration for Market Regulation,Hefei 230041,Anhui,China)
出处
《昆明理工大学学报（社会科学版）》
2024年第4期11-20,共10页
Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Social Sciences)
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“轻微犯罪出罪机制研究”(21CFX069)。
关键词
抗诉请求
程序正义
检察一体
保障人权
类型化
protest request
procedural justice
procuratorial integration
safeguarding human rights
typology
