摘要
在民法人格权理论中,法人人格权是法律人格在主观权利层面的表达。它的价值基础首先是人格独立,其次是行为和发展自由,但是与人格尊严无关。法人人格权本质上是一种保护法人特定非财产性利益的权利。法人在特定非财产性利益上具有保护需求,传统的侵权法保护模式无法对其完全覆盖,人格权保护模式则对法人非财产性利益发挥着补充、兜底保护功能。根据法人人格权的本质特性,法人人格权呈现出不同于自然人人格权的权利构造样态。法人人格权的权利内容更为单一、有限,权能形态缺乏人身性要素,权利保护效果和救济手段整体弱于自然人。虽然规定在同一体系中,法人人格权和自然人人格权仅具有相同名称,权利特性却迥然不同,解释论上宜对两者清晰区分。
In the theory of personality right of civil law,legal personality was divided into two aspects as it developed.Legal capacity refers to legal personality at the legal subject level,and the personality right of legal person is the expression of legal personality at the subjective right level.As a civil legal subject,legal persons need personality rights in order to protect their legal status and self-development.The foundational value of personality right of legal person is firstly independent personality,secondly freedom of action and development.It is unrelated to human dignity,which is the foundational value of the personality right of natural person.Furthermore,the content of the freedom of action and development of legal person is also different from the freedom of personality development of natural persons.The personality right of legal person protects essentially the specific non-property interests of legal persons.Therefore,the content of subjective rights of legal person is expanded.The reason for this is firstly that legal persons are real entities in law and society.In the legal context,a legal person is a collective entity formed by natural persons for a specific common purpose.The collective entity is a subject of will and is treated as a person under the law.At the societal level,as an organization,a legal person is also a real presence,because the members of a legal person may often change,but the legal person itself can continue to exist.Therefore,the personality right is a right that belongs to the legal person itself.The legal persons manifest in different forms based on the nature,type and purposes;they also have different protection needs in social interactions.The personality rights of legal person present corresponding content.Secondly,the legal persons have protection needs in specific non-property interests and personality rights can fill their protection gaps for non-property interests.Not all personality rights are spiritual interests.In the social sphere,personality rights refer to the r
出处
《当代法学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第4期98-108,共11页
Contemporary Law Review
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“我国民法典实施中的重大疑难问题研究”(20241GS0007)阶段性成果。
