摘要
当主合同失败导致债务加入合同亦失败时,债务加入人责任应如何确定,对此学界缺乏广泛讨论。基于债务加入与保证之相似性,理论上主合同失败后加入人责任可类推主合同失败后保证人责任之确定规则予以解决。现行法就如何确定主合同失败后保证人责任存在两种方案,而由于《担保制度解释》第17条第2款存在归责原则与责任承担不匹配问题,故有必要厘清主合同失败后保证人责任承担应有之规范逻辑,据此才能将之类推至债务加入。从属性并非阻碍将主合同失败后保证人责任之确定规则类推至加入人责任之障碍,为债务人在主合同失败后需负担之返还清算责任继续提供“担保”是二者适用同一套规则之逻辑起点。
When the failure of the main contract leads to the failure of the debt joining in the contract,there is a lack of extensive discussion in the academic community as for how the liability of the debt joining party should be determined.Due to the similarity between debt joining and guarantee,theoretically,the liability of the debt joiner after the failure of the main contract can be solved by analogy to the rules for determining the liability of the guarantor in the similar situation.As for how to determine the guarantor liability,there are two options,and in the"Security System Interpretation"article 17,paragraph 2,there is a mismatch between the principle of attribution and liability,so it is a must to clarify the normative logic of the guarantor's liability.Then it can be analogized to debtor to join.Subordination is not an obstacle to the analogy of the rules for determining the liability of the guarantor to the liability of the debt joiner,but rather it is the logical starting point for the application of the same set of rules to the"guarantee"of the debtor's continued liability for the return of the liquidation of the debtor after the failure of the main contract.
作者
温晓之
WEN Xiao-zhi(School of Civil and Commercial Economics and Law,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)
出处
《太原学院学报（社会科学版）》
2024年第4期76-84,共9页
Journal of Taiyuan University(Social Science Edition)
基金
中国政法大学博士研究生创新实践项目(2022BSCX05)。
关键词
合同失败
债务加入
保证
返还清算
类推适用
contractual failure
debt joining
guarantee
liquidation
application by analogy
