摘要
《民法典》债务加入规则的制度供给不足需要借助其他制度的合力加以解决。债务加入与保证均具有人保的功能,功能的类似性决定了《民法典》保证合同规则存在“参照适用”债务加入的可能。债务加入与保证在从属性、单务性特征方面存在特征类似性,体现从属性、单务性的保证合同规则原则上可准用于债务加入合同。债务加入不具有保证的补充性、要式性特征,因而围绕补充性、要式性建立起的保证合同规则不应准用于债务加入。此外,根据“举轻以明重”规则,保证合同中立足于保护保证人的一般规定,应准用于债务加入。
The inadequacy of debt joining rules in the Civil Code can be solved with the help of other systems.The joint assumption of debt and guarantee both have the function of person security,which makes the possibility of the"reference"to the rules of the Civil Code on warranty contracts for the assumption of debts.The joint assumption of debt and guarantee have similar characteristics in terms of subordination and unilaterality,so the rules that reflecting subordination and unilaterality of the guarantee contract can be used in joint assumption of debt in principle.Since the joint assumption of debt is not the same supplementary and essential as guarantee,the guarantee contract rules that established supplementary and essential nature should not be allowed to apply to joint assumption of debt.In addition,under the"take the light of the weight"rule,the rule that when a light act constitutes a crime,the heavy one must be indentified as a crime,the general provisions of the guarantee contract aiming at protecting the guarantor should be allowed to the joint assumption of debt.
出处
《中国政法大学学报》
CSSCI
2022年第4期110-123,共14页
Journal Of CUPL
基金
司法部国家法治与法学理论研究项目“第三人履行与债务承担之认定研究”(19SFB3036)的阶段性成果。
关键词
债务加入
保证合同
增信措施
从属性
补充性
joint assumption of debt
guarantee contract
credit enhancement measures
subordination
supplementarity
