摘要
为充分了解大沽全海笋的营养成分和食用价值,对采集自锦州海域的(30.0±5.0)g的大沽全海笋水管和内脏团的常规营养成分、部分矿物质元素含量、脂肪酸组成以及氨基酸组成和含量进行分析和评价。试验结果显示:大沽全海笋水管的粗蛋白含量(75.45%)远高于内脏团(47.03%),粗脂肪(1.68%)、灰分(15.23%)和总糖(4.37%)含量远低于内脏团;矿物质元素中,水管仅钠、铜和锌含量高于内脏团;水管和内脏团均含有32种脂肪酸,多不饱和脂肪酸占比分别为30.02%和20.71%,水管二十碳五烯酸(9.48%)和二十二碳六烯酸(14.97%)占比均显著高于内脏团;水管和内脏团均含有18种氨基酸,且谷氨酸、天冬氨酸和甘氨酸含量最高,水管的必需氨基酸含量(23.63%)、呈味氨基酸含量(28.50%)均高于内脏团,必需氨基酸/非必需氨基酸二者相近,分别为53.43 g/100 g和56.59 g/100 g;水管氨基酸评分和化学评分的第一限制性氨基酸均为色氨酸,第二限制性氨基酸均为蛋氨酸+胱氨酸,水管和内脏团的必需氨基酸指数分别为66.38和50.14。大沽全海笋水管和内脏团均具有高蛋白、低脂肪的营养组成特性,本试验结果可为其高值化综合开发利用提供基础数据。
In order to fully understand nutritional compositions and edible value of Barnea davidi,the contents of proximate nutritive compositions,part of minerals,fatty acid and amino acid composition of siphon and visceral mass of B.davidi with body weight of(30.0±5.0)g collected from coastal Jinzhou in China were analyzed and evaluated by the corresponding national standard methods.The results showed that there was much higher crude protein content in siphon(75.45%)than that in visceral mass(47.03%),and much lower crude fat(1.68%),ash(15.23%)and total sugar(4.37%)than those in visceral mass.Only higher contents of sodium,cuprum and zinc were found in siphon than those in visceral mass.Both siphon and visceral mass contained 32 fatty acids,the percents of polyunsaturated fatty acids were 30.02%and 20.71%,respectively,with significantly higher perent of eicosapentaenoic acid(9.48%)and docosahexaenoic acid(14.97%)in siphon than those in visceral mass.A total of 18 amino acids were detected in both siphon and visceral mass,with the maximal contents of glutamate,aspartate and glycine.B.davidi had contents of essential amino acids(23.63 g/100 g)and flavor amino acids(28.50 g/100 g)in siphon,higher than those in visceral mass,with similar contents of essential and non-essential amino acids in siphon(53.43%)and visceral mass(56.59%).The first and second limited amino acids were shown to be tryptophan and methionine+cystine in siphon,which were determined by the amino acid score(AAS)and chemical score(CS).The essential amino acid index(EAAI)was found to be 66.38 in siphon and 50.14 in visceral mass.The siphon and visceral mass of B.davidi was characterized by high protein and low fat in nutrition composition,which provided the theoretical basis for the high value comprehensive development and utilization of B.davidi.
作者
傅志宇
李大成
白永安
于笛
于喆
王庆志
郑杰
FU Zhiyu;LI Dacheng;BAI Yong'an;YU Di;YU Zhe;WANG Qingzhi;ZHENG Jie(Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute,Dalian 116023,China;Panjin Photosynthetic Crab Industry Co.,Ltd.,Panjin 124000,China)
出处
《水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期304-311,共8页
Fisheries Science
基金
辽宁省海洋经济发展专项(202222)
辽宁省农业科学院学科建设计划项目(2022DD268942,2022DD269339)
辽宁省农科院农业种质资源发掘、创制与利用专项(2021GR2905)
辽宁省农业科学院农业绿色高质量发展专项(2021HQ1917).
关键词
大沽全海笋
营养成分
脂肪酸
氨基酸
矿物质
Barnea davidi
nutritive composition
fatty acid
amino acid
mineral
