摘要
刑法为侵犯公民个人信息罪规定了“以其他方法非法获取”,缺乏行为定型性,难以准确认定本罪中的非法获取行为,司法认定过于宽泛,需要确定实质判断规则。非法获取公民个人信息的规范实质在于个人信息利用主体范围的扩大,公民个人信息权益由于转移手段的非法性而升高被非法利用的危险。手段的非法性作为实质理解非法获取行为的抓手,其实质根据在于手段的法益侵害性,本罪的保护法益是公民个人信息之上的人身财产权益和公共信息安全流通秩序,前者既是本罪保护的核心法益,也是对后者的侵犯是否达到实质可罚程度的重要判断依据。对“以其他方法非法获取”的判断,形式上要违反前置法规范,产生信息权益利用主体扩大的效果,实质上需要进一步结合获取目的和后续处理活动等判断其行为非法性是否达到实质可罚程度。
The criminal law stipulates"illegal acquisition by other methods"for the crime of infringing on citizens'personal information,which is lack of stereotypical behavior,making it difficult to accurately identify the illegal acquisition behavior in this crime.The judicial identification is too broad,and it is necessary to determine the substantive judgment rules.The normative essence of the regulation of illegal access to citizens'personal information lies in the expansion of the scope of the subject of personal information use,and the increased risk of citizens'personal information rights and interests being illegally used due to the illegality of the transfer means.The illegality of means,as the starting point for the substantive understanding of illegal acquisition,is essentially based on the infringement of legal interests of means.The protection of legal interests of this crime is the personal and property rights and interests above citizens'personal information and the safe circulation order of public information.The former is not only the core legal interests of the protection of this crime,but also the important judgment data of whether the infringement of the latter reaches the degree of substantial punishment.The judgment of"illegally obtaining by other means"should formally violate the norms of the pre-existing laws,resulting in the effect of expanding the subject of information rights and interests.In essence,it is necessary to further determine whether the illegality of their acts has reached a substantial punishable level by combining the purpose of acquisition and subsequent processing activities.
作者
李瑞
LI Rui(Northwest University of Political Science and Law,Xi'an,710063,Shanxi)
出处
《湖南警察学院学报》
2023年第5期118-128,共11页
Journal of Hunan Police Academy
关键词
非法获取
侵犯公民个人信息罪
其他方法
规范判断
illegal acquisition
crime of infringing upon citizens'personal information
other methods
normative judgment
