摘要
从多维度视角研究科技人才政策演变特征,对于推动科技人才管理工作、优化和完善新时代中国科技人才政策体系有重要意义。以1978—2021年中国科技人才政策为研究对象,构建基于时间、主体、文种、类别、工具和主题的科技人才政策六维度分析框架,分别对政策发布年度、发文部门、政策文种、政策类别、政策工具、政策主题进行量化分析,从政策多维度视角探究中国科技人才政策的演变特征。研究发现:在时间维度上,科技人才政策发布数量总体上呈现增长态势;发文部门呈现多元化特征,部门间合作程度不断加强且权利分配更加均衡;政策文种类型不断丰富,以通知、意见为主,规范性和指导性较强但约束性与实践性不足;政策类别聚焦人才使用与集聚、激励与引导,但对科技人才安全的关注度不够;政策工具的使用以供给面为主,需求面和环境面工具的使用次数呈不断增长趋势,但政策工具内部存在结构不均衡的问题;政策主题数量持续增长,主要聚焦在科技人才培养、使用、激励等方面,但在战略与规划方面关注较少。
It is of great significance to study the evolution characteristics of science and technology talent policy from a multidimensional perspective to promote the management of science and technology talent and optimize China's science and technology talent policy system in the new era.Taking China's science and technology talent policies from 1978 to 2021 as the research object,this paper constructs a six-dimensional analysis framework based on time,subject,document type,category,tool and theme,and makes quantitative analysis on the policy release year,policy maker,policy document type,policy category,policy tool and policy theme respectively,which aims to explore the evolution characteristics of China's science and technology talent policy from a multidimensional perspective.The results of data analysis show that,in the time dimension,the number of China's science and technology talent policies is generally increasing.The policy makers are characterized by diversification,and the degree of cooperation between makers is constantly strengthened and the distribution of rights is more balanced.The types of policy documents are constantly enriched,mainly notices and opinions,which are more normative and guiding but less binding and practical.The policy categories focus on the use and concentration of talents,incentives and guidance,but pay insufficient attention to the safety of science and technology talents.The use of policy tools is dominated by supply-side tools,and the number of demand-side and environment-side tools is growing,but there is a structural imbalance within the policy tools.The number of policy topics continues to grow,mainly focusing on the cultivation,use and incentive of science and technology talents,but less attention is paid to strategy and planning.
作者
李欣
马文雅
林芬芬
Li Xin;Ma Wenya;Lin Fenfen(Collage of Economics and Management,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China;Exchange,Development Service Center for Science Technology Talents,Beijing 100045,China)
出处
《中国科技论坛》
北大核心
2023年第10期105-118,共14页
Forum on Science and Technology in China
关键词
科技人才政策
政策多维度分析
量化分析
内容分析
Science and technology talent policy
Multidimensional analysis of policy
Bibliometric analysis
Content analysis
