摘要
认知障碍友好社区是促进认知障碍症患者及其家庭福祉的有效举措,也是实现认知障碍正常化的必经之路。近二十年来,众多国家和地区纷纷出台认知障碍相关的战略和政策文件,以应对认知障碍带给社会的挑战。来自各地的证据显示,建立认知障碍友好社区能够增加患者及照顾者的社会参与,提高公众意识,加强患者及照顾者的能力建设,为患者及其家庭提供物理和社会环境中的支持性资源和服务。但同时,这些项目也存在着理想政策体系残缺、政策执行主体薄弱、目标群体被疏离以及政策执行环境有限等问题与挑战。在史密斯政策执行模型的框架下,我国在建设认知障碍友好社区时,应当完善政策体系,制定城乡二元标准,建立利益相关者联盟,赋权患者参与项目决策,以及赋能社会组织提高其服务水平,以更好地促进项目的可持续发展。
The prevalence of dementia in China surpasses the global average,placing a significant burden on society and the country.It is imperative that our nation takes immediate action to address the challenges posed by dementia.Unfortunately,evidence-based pharmacological solutions for curing dementia have remained elusive for decades.This emphasizes the need to explore non-pharmacological solutions at the macro-policy level.Research from abroad suggests that creating dementiafriendly communities is instrumental in normalizing cognitive impairment.Building dementia-friendly communities serves as a crucial initiative in tackling the multifaceted challenges faced by cognitive impairment in China’s aging society.It is also a necessary approach to respond to the cognitive health and elderly care needs of China’s elderly population.Based on Smith’s policy implementation model,this paper focuses on analyzing the policy system,the implementation group,the target group,and the policy implementation environment of the dementia-friendly community policy.By examining the interaction of these four essential policy implementation processes,challenges and suggestions for policy implementation arise.Dementia-friendly community policies implemented abroad exhibit a relatively comprehensive structure,with the government acting as the policy advocate,and various stakeholders,including government bodies,social organizations,and implementing agencies,participating as main implementers.The target groups encompass individuals with cognitive impairment,caregivers,and patients’families.The policy is implemented within an environment that aims to eradicate the stigma associated with the disease.Through training courses and the use of assistive technologies,the policy seeks to eliminate discrimination and enhance public understanding of dementia.Likewise,while the dementia-friendly community policy in China's Mainland is still in its exploratory stage,it has begun to establish a community support system for cognitive impairment in the el
作者
楼玮群
刘焕然
LOU Weiqun;LIU Huanran
出处
《社会工作》
CSSCI
2023年第4期19-33,104,105,共17页
Journal of Social Work
