摘要
数字经济时代,发挥数字经济新优势,释放数字科技对劳动力就业的赋能效应是稳定民生、实现经济高质量发展的必然要求。本文基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据分析数字科技赋能劳动力就业的内在机理,运用Probit模型、IV-Probit模型、KHB模型、倾向得分匹配方法进行实证检验。研究结果显示:数字科技对劳动力就业产生了显著的赋能作用,能够促进劳动力实现就业,并且在采用倾向得分匹配、工具变量法、更换变量衡量方法、调整样本等稳健性检验后结论依旧稳健;进一步的中介机制结果显示信息流动效应、人力资本赋能效应和就业渠道拓展效应是数字科技赋能劳动力就业的重要中间路径,人力资本赋能效应所占比重最大,信息流动效应次之,就业渠道拓展效应所占比重最小;异质性分析结果显示数字科技对高学历劳动力就业的赋能效应较强,对低学历劳动力就业的赋能效果较弱;对未婚群体就业的赋能效应较强,对已婚群体就业的赋能效果较弱;对中年群体就业的赋能效应较强,对青年群体就业的赋能效果较弱。结合研究结论,建议未来应当充分发挥互联网、大数据等数字技术在劳动力就业过程中所起到的加快信息流动、提升劳动者工作技能、拓宽劳动者就业渠道的功能,积极搭建就业信息及资源共享平台,进一步释放数字科技对劳动力就业的赋能效果。
In the era of digital economy,giving full play to the new advantages of digital economy and releasing the empowering effect of digital science and technology on labor employment is an inevitable requirement to stabilize the basic market of people’s livelihood and achieve high-quality economic development.Based on the data of China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this paper analyzes the internal mechanism of digital technology empowered labor force employment,and makes an empirical test by using Probit model,IV-Probit model,KHB model and Propensity Score Matching method(PSM).The results show that digital technology has a significant empowering effect on labor employment,and can promote the labor force to achieve employment,and after the robustness tests such as tendency score matching,tool variable method,variable replacement method,adjustment sample and so on,the conclusion is still robust.The results of further intermediary mechanism show that information flow effect,human capital empowerment effect and employment channel expansion effect are the important intermediate paths of digital science and technology enabling labor force employment,and the proportion of human capital empowerment effect is the largest,the information flow effect is the second,and the employment channel expansion effect is the smallest.The results of heterogeneity analysis show that the empowering effect of digital technology on the employment of highly educated labor force is strong,that of low educated labor force is weak,that of unmarried group is strong,that of married group is weak,that of middle-aged group is strong,that of youth group is weak.Finally,combined with the research conclusions,it is suggested that in the future,the functions of Internet,big data and other digital technologies in accelerating the flow of information,improving workers’working skills and broadening employment channels should be brought into full play.We will actively build a platform for sharing employment information and resources,and further release the em
作者
赵放
蒋国梁
Data ZHAO Fang;JIANG Guoliang(Centre for China Public Sector Economy Research,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin,130012,China;School of Economic,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin,130012,China)
出处
《人口学刊》
北大核心
2023年第2期99-112,共14页
Population Journal
基金
中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目:吉林省生物医药产业链发展路径研究(JL2022-19)
吉林省教育厅“十四五”重点项目:新时期吉林省产业数字化转型的路径研究(JJKH20220931SK)。
关键词
数字科技
劳动力就业
信息流动
人力资本
就业渠道
Digital Technology
Labor Employment
Information Flow
Human Capital
Employment Channels
