摘要
中国传统支配类型之所以呈现出人伦化而非即事化的特点,是由传统支配的内在结构和伦理逻辑造成的。权力来源于“尊”,支配的达成本质上是一种“尊尊”。由“尊尊”之义而有宗法制度内的族权和宗法制度外的政权。权力的继替过程即是尊尊之统的确立过程,具体又分为君统与宗统两个部分。“传重”是权力继替的关键环节,目的就是确立尊尊之统的秩序。宗统继替坚持伦序不紊原则,君统继替体现伦理比附原则。宗统与君统的继替过程,充分体现了权力的伦理化特点。总体而言,由传重之制可见尊尊之义,政治根植于父子伦理,传统中国呈现出政治伦理化特点,是一个“家—政治共同体”。
The traditional Chinese domination type is characterized by a human relationship-based rather than matter-of-fact based approach.This is because of the internal structure and ethical logic of traditional domination.Power comes from“zun”(尊respect),and the essence of domination is a type of“zunzun”(尊尊).According to the meaning of“zunzun”(尊尊),there are clan power within the patriarchal system and monarchal power outside the patriarchal system.The process of power succession is the process of establishing the lineage of“zunzun”(尊尊),which is specifically divided into two parts:the monarch lineage and the clan lineage.Monarchy and patriarchy are different in terms of the specific institutional level as the former refers to political power and the latter patriarchal power,but they share the same set of ethical order based on father-son ethics.Specifically,the implementation of power succession depends on the system of succession of chong(重)with the latter being the key link for the purpose of establishing the lineage order of“zunzun”(尊尊).“Succession of chong(重)”has two meanings:one is to inherit and continue the spirit of the deceased ancestors,and the other is the wife’s-first-son succession rule in the patriarchal and feudal system.These two meanings reveal the ethical connotation of power.In this process,the primogeniture system is the core of power succession and its legitimacy comes from the principle of“zunzun”(尊尊),reflecting the ultimate manifestation of the political destiny of Heaven’s Mandate and men’s ethical virtues since the Zhou dynasty.Therefore,the common law of the wife’s-first-son succession embodies the ethical and moral characteristics of traditional power.In addition,the succession variation of“weirenhou”(为人后,being-the-descendant)complements and maintains the ethical foundation of the traditional power succession.The succession of the clan lineage adheres to the principle of generational order,while the succession of the monarch
作者
吴柳财
WU Liucai(Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences in Beijing University of Technology,and Beijing Social Governance Research Center)
出处
《社会》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第1期55-83,共29页
Chinese Journal of Sociology
基金
北京市社会科学基金青年项目“中国社会治理体系的礼治传统及其现代转化研究”(21SRC019)的阶段性成果。
关键词
传重
宗统
君统
父子
政治伦理化
succession of chong(重)
clan lineage
monarch lineage
father and son
ethicalization of politics
