摘要
石菖蒲是中药复方治疗癫痫疾病中使用频次最多的药物之一,其化学成分主要包括挥发油类、黄酮类、醌类、生物碱类、三萜皂苷类、苯丙素类、有机酸类、氨基酸类及糖类等。研究显示石菖蒲已被分离鉴定的单体化合物超过百余种,主要包括α-细辛醚、β-细辛醚、γ-细辛醚、甲基丁香酚、顺式甲基异丁香酚、榄香素、β-榄香烯、桉脂素等,以挥发油类物质为主。近年来通过利用癫痫动物模型对石菖蒲抗癫痫的药效物质进行了多项研究,发现石菖蒲挥发油及其活性成分α-细辛醚、α-细辛醇、β-细辛醚、桉脂素、甲基丁香酚等均能发挥改善癫痫的作用,可以延长潜伏期,降低发作频率,减少发作持续时间,减轻发作级别,提高抗惊厥率,减少痫样放电次数,降低癫痫致死率等。石菖蒲及其药效物质可能通过作用于多种基因与信号通路发挥抗癫痫作用,主要包括:调节神经递质及受体、调节离子通道、保护神经元、调控凋亡因子、调控炎症因子、抑制一氧化氮释放、抗氧化应激、抑制耐药基因表达等。
Acorus tatarinowii schott is one of the most frequently used drugs in herbal compounding for the treatment of epilepsy.The chemical composition of Acorus tatarinowii schott mainly includes volatile oils,flavonoids,quinones,alkaloids,triterpenoid saponins,phenylpropanoids,organic acids,amino acids and sugars.Studies have shown that Acorus tatarinowii schott has been isolated and identified more than one hundred monomeric compounds,mainly including α-asarone,β-asarone,γ-asarone,methyl eugenol,cismethyl isoeugenol,elemicin,β-elemicene,eucalyptol,and so on,with volatile oil as the main substances.Recent years,several studies have conducted on the anti-epilepsy substances of Acorus tatarinowii schott,that and it was found that the volatile oil and its active ingredients α-asarone,α-asarum alcohol,β-asarone,eudesmin,and methyleugenol have the effects of improving epilepsy,which have functions in improving epilepsy,prolonging the latency period,reducing the frequency of seizures,reducing the duration of seizures,reducing the level of seizures,increasing the anticonvulsant rate,reducing the epileptiform discharges,and reducing seizure lethality.Acorus tatarinowii schott and its pharmacological substances may exert antiepileptic effects by acting on a variety of genes and signaling pathways,mainly including regulation of neurotransmitters and receptors,regulation of ion channels,protection of neurons,regulation of apoptotic factors,regulation of inflammatory factors,inhibition of nitric oxide release,anti-oxidative stress,and inhibition of drug-resistant gene expression.
作者
赵颖
徐薇薇
王莹
张宓
刘金民
ZHAO Ying;XU Weiwei;WANG Ying;ZHANG Mi;LIU Jinmin(Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100078,China)
出处
《环球中医药》
CAS
2022年第10期1977-1984,共8页
Global Traditional Chinese Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金(81774277)。
关键词
石菖蒲
药效物质
Α-细辛醚
Β-细辛醚
抗癫痫
作用机制
Acorus tatarinowii schott
Active substances
α-asarone
β-asarone
Antiepilepsy
Mechanism of action
