摘要
基于马斯洛需求层次理论构建退休老年人再就业行为分析框架,使用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2018年数据考察养老金收入、人力资本与家庭照料对退休老年人再就业行为的影响。研究结果表明,养老金收入对退休后再就业行为并不是简单的负向激励作用,而是呈现“N”型关系,老年群体劳动价值观出现经济驱动向价值驱动的转向;老年人个体的人力资本对再就业行为没有显著影响,只有存在再就业动机时发挥辅助性作用,再就业动机比再就业能力对老年人再就业行为更具有解释力;退休老年人的家庭照料责任总体上会阻碍其再就业动机的实现,但会促进有家庭经济负担的男性退休人员再就业,家庭-工作平衡问题延续到女性老年时期,且从性别视角扩展到年龄视角。老年人力资源开发可以从养老金供给、老年健康服务、老年职业培训、社会照料服务等方面着手,鼓励和帮助退休老年人再就业,实现个体、家庭、社会的多赢格局。
Analyzing framework of elderly’s reemployment is constructed based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory,this paper examines effect of pension income,human capital and family care on working after retirement with the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)in 2018.The results show that the pension income does not have a simple negative incentive effect on the post-retirement employment status,but presents an"Nshaped"relationship,which indicates that labor values of the elderly have turned from economic drive to value drive.The individual human capital support of the elderly has no significant effect on whether they are reemployed or not,but only plays a supporting role when there is a desire for reemployment.What realized in terms of elderly’s reemployment behavior is that reemployment motivation is more explanatory than reemployment ability.The family care responsibility of the retired elderly generally hinders the realization of their reemployment intention,but promotes the reemployment of the male retirees with family economic burden.The issue of family-work balance continues into women’s old age and extends from gender to age.In the end,pension supply,health service for elderly,vocational training for elderly and social care services worth focusing in order to encourage and help retired elderly to get reemployment and develop elderly human resources,achieving an all-win situation around individual,family and society.
作者
丛金洲
吴瑞君
CONG Jin-zhou;WU Rui-jun(The Center for Modern Chinese City Studies/School of Social Development,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)
出处
《西北人口》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第6期52-64,共13页
Northwest Population Journal
基金
教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目“中国大城市人口与可持续发展研究”(项目编号:17JJD790008)。
