摘要
目的研究6338例新生儿院前主动转运的流行病学特征及变化趋势。方法2014年01月至2018年12月期间由徐州市儿童医院新生儿转运中心主动从外院转运的新生儿作为研究对象,回顾性分析新生儿的人口学、临床特点及转运数据等资料,并分析不同年份转诊新生儿的流行病学变化趋势。结果共纳入研究6338例,男女比例约为1.8∶1,女性新生儿构成比有逐年增高趋势(P<0.05);平均胎龄36.62周,各年度之间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);24 h内新生儿转运人数构成比呈现下降趋势(P<0.05);早产儿、极(超)低出生体重儿构成比、有创呼吸支持及危重病例构成比逐年增加(P<0.05);2018和2017年度外科因素转运例数较前增加(P<0.05);转运前3位疾病分别为:新生儿吸入性肺炎、NRDS、新生儿窒息;转诊医院等级、距离和时间分布差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);5年来总体转运成功率平均为99.08%。结论研究转运的早产儿、极(超)低出生体重儿病例、危重病例、有创呼吸支持病例、及外科疾病构成比呈逐年上升趋势;应根据新生儿主动转运流行病学趋势,有针对性的培训和提高转运医护人员的相应救治技术和水平。
Objective To examine the epidemiological characteristics and trends of the active pre-hospital transportation of 6338 newborns.Methods Newborns who were actively transported from other hospitals to the neonatal transportation center of Xuzhou children′s hospital from January 2014 to December 2018 were enrolled in the present study.The demographic information,clinical characteristics and transport data of the newborns were retrospectively analyzed.The epidemiological trends of the neonatal transfers in different years were analyzed.Results A total of 6338 cases were included in the study,including 4093 boys and 2245 girls.The proportion of girls increased year by year(P<0.05).The average gestational age was 36.62 weeks,with no significant difference between years(P>0.05).The proportion of transferred neonates within 24 hours showed a downward trend(P<0.05).The proportion of premature infants,extremely low birth weight infants,invasive respiratory support infants and critical cases increased yearly(P<0.05).The number of surgical transfer cases in 2017 and 2018 increased compared with the previous years(P<0.05).The top three diseases were neonatal aspiration pneumonia,neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and neonatal asphyxia.There were no differences in the levels of the referral hospitals,transportation time and distance(P>0.05).In the past five years,there were only two deaths in the transfers(0.32‰).The overall rate of successful transfers was 99.08%.Conclusion The proportion of extremely low birth weight neonates,critical cases,invasive respiratory support cases,and surgical disease cases transported from 2014 to 2018 increased year by year.It is necessary to strengthen training of the relevant medical personnel to improve their techniques and skills according to the epidemic trends of neonatal pre-hospital transfer.
作者
王伟
卢国增
薛莉
李振光
WANG Wei;LU Guo-zeng;XUE Li;LI Zhen-guang(Department of Neonatology,Xuzhou Children′s Hospital,Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221006,China)
出处
《公共卫生与预防医学》
2022年第5期128-131,共4页
Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine
关键词
主动转运
危重新生儿
流行病学特征
Pre-hospital transfer
Critical neonates
Epidemiological trends
