摘要
伴随中国历史性地消除了绝对贫困问题,相对贫困问题愈发引起全社会的关注。论文从可持续生计视角出发构建了相对贫困指标体系,运用A-F法和二元Probit模型对和田市相对贫困状况进行测度。结果表明:1)从单维贫困测度结果来看,相对贫困户“拥有生产工具数量”、“拥有牲畜数量”、“是否加入合作社”、“是否贷款”等指标的被剥夺发生率分别为96.77%、89.86%、83.41%、85.71%,“劳动力负担人口”、“户主受教育水平”、“户主健康状况”等剥夺程度相对较轻。2)随着贫困临界值K的上升,和田市“多维贫困指数”与“多维相对贫困发生率”呈下降趋势,“平均剥夺份额”呈上升趋势。3)生计资本在不同K值下的平均贡献率排序为:金融资本(30.82%)>自然资本(20.82%)>物质资本(18.41%)>人力资本(17.03%)>社会资本(12.92%)。4)生计资本中13个指标对农户相对贫困具有显著影响。和田市未来制定减贫政策的出发点需从原有的基本生存目标过渡到相对贫困群体可行能力所需的物质资本、金融资本、自然资本的再造。
With the historic eradication of absolute poverty in China, relative poverty has increasingly attracted the attention of the whole society.In this paper, we constructed the index system of relative poverty from the perspective of sustainable livelihood, and used the A-F method and the binary Probit model to measure the relative poverty in Hotan city.The results show that: 1) The results of one-dimensional poverty measurement show that the deprivation rates of the indicators that could reflect the relative poor of households, such as ‘ the number of production tools ’,‘ the number of livestock ’,‘ whether they join the cooperatives ’ and ‘ whether they loan ’, are 96.77%, 89.86 %, 83.41% and 85.71%, respectively. The deprivation rates of ‘the labor-burdened population’, ‘the education level of the household head’ and ‘the health status of the household head’ are relatively lower. 2)With the increase of deprived critical value K,the multidimensional poverty index and the incidence of multidimensional relative poverty show a downward trend, and the average share of deprivation shows an upward trend.3) The average contribution rates of livelihood capitals under different K values are ranked as follows: financial capital(30.82%) > natural capital(20.82%) > physical capital(18.41%)>human capital(17.03%) > social capital(12.92%). 4) 13 indicators of livelihood capital have a significant impact on farmers’ relative poverty. The starting point for the future poverty reduction policies of Hotan needs to transform from the original basic survival goals to the material capital, financial capital and natural capital that required by the feasible ability of the relatively poor group.
作者
罗万云
戎铭倩
王福博
胡雪
孙慧
LUO Wanyun;RONG Mingqian;WANG Fubo;HU Xue;SUN Hui(School of Economics and Management,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046;Center for Innovation Management Research,Beijing 100091;School of Ethnology and Sociology,Minzu University of China,Urumqi 830046,China)
出处
《干旱区资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第6期15-24,共10页
Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment
基金
国家社会科学基金(21CJY038)
新疆大学高层次人才引进博士启动基金项目(BS200102)
新疆自治区自然科学基金(2021D01C107)
自治区高校科研计划人文社科项目(XJEDU2021SY001)
新疆天池博士计划(TCBS202027)资助。
关键词
可持续生计
民族地区
相对贫困
多维度识别
和田市
sustainable livelihoods
arid areas
relative poverty
multidimensional identification
Hotan city
