摘要
为通过大数据挖掘预测食品相关产品安全风险隐患,基于2018~2020年度食品相关产品国家监督抽查的7704批次数据,分析我国食品相关产品安全现状与风险因素,运用层次分析法构建食品相关产品综合评价体系,计算食品相关产品安全综合指数。结果表明,食品相关产品平均不合格率为4.56%,均高于同年度食品抽检不合格率。密胺塑料餐具、纸杯、餐具洗涤剂等7类产品不合格率高于平均水平,塑料杯、塑料菜板、不锈钢厨具等10类产品不合格品低于1%。跟踪抽查连续两次不合格企业比例呈现上升趋势,不合格产品和问题重复出现。层次分析法构建的综合评价体系由5个一级指标和7个二级指标构成,一级指标为影响食品相关产品安全的主要因素,权重从高至低依次为化学物质迁移0.354,微生物超标0.331,重金属超标0.171,物理性能不合格0.100,卫生性能差0.044。二级指标为食品相关产品种类,风险较高的产品有洗消剂(0.252)、纸和纸板制品(0.189)、塑料制品(0.177),其次是竹木制品(0.170)、金属制品(0.105),而玻璃制品(0.056)和陶瓷制品(0.051)风险相对较低。本文建立的综合评价指数与抽检不合格率趋势一致,可为相关产品风险研判和评价提供技术支撑。
In order to predict and deeply excavate the food-related products risks through massive detective information, a total of 7704 batches of national supervision and sampling data on food-related products were collected from 2018 to 2020 to analyze the current situation and risk factors. Subsequently, a risk assessment model by analytic hierarchy process(AHP)was constructed and further used to calculate comprehensive evaluation index. The results showed that the mean fraction defective of food-related products was 4.56%, which was all above the unqualified rate of food sampling inspection in the same year. Products with higher risks included 7 categories, such as melamine tableware, paper cups and detergent etc.Their unqualified rates were all above the average level. And lower unqualified rates(less than 1%) were found in other 10 kinds of products, including plastic cups, plastic cutting boards and stainless steel kitchen utensils etc. The rate of unqualified enterprises showed an increasing trend, while nonconforming products and problems were repeated. The evaluation system was composed of 5 first-level indicators and 7 second-level indicators by AHP. The weights of the first class indicators which would affect the safety of food from high to low were 0.354 for chemical substances migration, 0.331 for microbiological disqualification, 0.171 for excessive heavy metals, 0.100 for physical performance and 0.044 for hygienic property, respectively. Secondary indicators were types of food-related products, and higher risk were found in detergent and disinfector(0.252), food contact paper containers(0.189) and plastics(0.177), followed by bamboo and wood products(0.170) and food processing equipments(0.105), while glasswork(0.056) and ceramics(0.051) were relatively lower risk. The results also demonstrated that the comprehensive evaluation index was consistent with the trend of nonconforming rate, and would provide technical support for food-related products safety risk analysis and early warning.
作者
汪雨龙
张雪娜
孙倩
谢敏
罗文华
陈志良
WANG Yulong;ZHANG Xuena;SUN Qian;XIE Min;LUO Wenhua;CHEN Zhiliang(College of Business,Zhejiang Pharmaceutical Vocational University,Ningbo 315500,China;Ningbo Pony Test Technical Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo 315100,China)
出处
《食品工业科技》
CAS
北大核心
2022年第12期18-26,共9页
Science and Technology of Food Industry
基金
2019年教育部人文社科青年项目(19YJC790155)
2021年浙江省市场监督管理局科技计划项目(ZC2021A044)
2018年浙江省食品药品监督局科技计划项目(2018024)。
关键词
食品相关产品
监督抽检
不合格率
层次分析法
风险评估
food-related products
supervision and sampling inspection
unqualified rate
analytic hierarchy process
risk assessment
