摘要
目的了解在公共卫生健康教育干预前后,西安市某三级甲等医院老年心血管科老年人对突发公共卫生事件风险认知情况的变化及影响因素。方法2020年9月—2021年2月,运用方便抽样法选取西安市某三级甲等医院老年心血管科≥60岁的患者及家属106例进行为期7天的公共卫生健康教育。在干预前后采用自制一般情况调查表和突发公共卫生事件风险认知量表收集研究对象的信息,用SPSS 25.0软件进行数据分析。结果老年患者在接受公共卫生健康教育后对疫情严重性、可控性、健康影响严重性、可能性及总成绩的得分分别为(11.11±1.73)、(12.24±1.99)、(8.21±1.59)、(8.25±1.47)和(39.81±5.48)分,与干预前比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);不同社会因素下的老年人风险认知得分干预前后比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,干预前后不同年龄、文化程度、婚姻状况、子女个数、经济状况、退休前的职业、居住地、自理能力、是否关注养生类信息及是否了解新型冠状病毒肺炎的老年人10个社会因素的突发公共卫生事件风险认知得分比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析结果显示,干预前后对老年人突发公共卫生事件风险认知的差异受年龄、文化程度、居住地、经济状况和是否关注养生类信息5个因素影响(均P<0.05)。结论公共卫生健康教育可有效提升西安市某三级甲等医院老年患者对突发公共卫生事件风险的认知,对年龄大、文化程度低、住在农村、经济状况差及不关注养生信息等人群应重点干预。
Objective To understand the changes and influencing factors of risk perception of public health emergencies among the elderly in geriatric cardiovascular department in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Xi'an City before and after interventions in public health education.Methods From September 2020 to February 2021,the convenience sampling method was used to select 106 patients aged≥60 years old and their family members of the geriatric cardiovascular department in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Xi'an City,to conduct a 7-day public health education.Before and after the intervention,a self-made general situation questionnaire and a public health emergency risk perception scale were used to collect information on the research subjects,and the data were analyzed by SPSS 25.0 software.Results After receiving public health education,the scores of the severity of the epidemic,the controllability,the severity of the health impact,the probability,and the total score of the elderly patients were(11.11±1.73),(12.24±1.99),(8.21±1.59),(8.25±1.47)and(39.81±5.48)points,respectively.Compared with those before the intervention,the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in risk perception scores before and after the intervention among the elderly under different social factors(all P<0.05).The univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the scores of risk perception of public health emergencies before and after the intervention among elderly patients with different 10 social factors,including age,education level,marital status,number of children,economic status,occupation before retirement,place of residence,self-care ability,whether they pay attention to health information,whether they understand the Coronavirus Disease 2019(all P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the differences in the risk perception of public health emergencies before and after intervention were affected by five factors
作者
王佳
朱疆艳
封晓荣
李冰
薛东丽
刘芳娥
WANG Jia;ZHU Jiang-yan;FENG Xiao-rong;LI Bing;XUE Dong-li;LIU Fang-e(Department of Nursing,Medical College,Yan'an University,Yan'an Shaanxi,716000,China;Department of Geriatric Cardiology,Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an Shaanxi,710004,China;Medical College,Xi'an Peihua University,Xi'an Shaanxi,710125,China)
出处
《职业与健康》
CAS
2022年第3期341-346,共6页
Occupation and Health
基金
陕西省社会科学基金项目(2018G10)。
关键词
老年人
突发公共卫生事件
风险认知
干预
影响因素
The elderly
Public health emergencies
Risk perception
Intervene
Influencing factors
