摘要
按照目前“以人类发明人为中心”的专利原则,在人工智能系统独立运行且不受人类控制的情况下,由人工智能系统“自主”生成的“创造性”成果不受保护。然而,基于对知识产权法的自由主义理论进行分析后得出,专利法应从改善人类福祉和实现人类自由的角度出发,重新审视人工智能系统及其生成物的权利归属问题。事实上,人工智能系统更擅长产生某些类型的创新,如果这些创新不被法律保护,人工智能系统的所有者可能选择不使用或不披露人工智能生成发明,如此反而会减少对人工智能系统的所有者的激励,也可能导致对人工智能技术带来的风险无法及时预判和防范。鉴于此,在通用人工智能时代(AGI,Artificial General Intelligence),当人工智能系统代替人类完成发明创造时,法律应授予人工智能系统以法人资格,承认人工智能系统的发明人身份,将人工智能生成物的专利权归属于人工智能系统,并完善人工智能发明人和人类发明人并存的法律架构。
According to the current patent principle of "human inventors as the center", "creative" results "autonomously" generated by the artificial intelligence system are not protected when the artificial intelligence system operates independently and is not controlled by humans. However, based on the analysis of the liberal theory of intellectual property law, it is concluded that the patent law should re-examine the issue of the ownership of the rights of artificial intelligence systems and their products from the perspective of improving human well-being and realizing human freedom. In fact, AI systems are better at generating certain types of innovations, and if these innovations are not protected by law, the owners of AI systems may choose not to use or disclose AI-generated inventions, which may in turn reduce the level of interest in AI systems. The owner’s incentives may also lead to the inability to predict and prevent the risks brought by artificial intelligence technology in a timely manner. In view of this, in the era of artificial general intelligence(AGI, Artificial General Intelligence), when the artificial intelligence system completes inventions and creations in place of humans, the law should grant the artificial intelligence system legal personality,recognize the identity of the inventor of the artificial intelligence system, and generate artificial intelligence. The patent right of the object should be attributed to the artificial intelligence system, and the legal framework for the coexistence of artificial intelligence inventors and human inventors is also to be established.
出处
《电子知识产权》
2022年第2期4-14,共11页
Electronics Intellectual Property
关键词
自由主义理论
人工智能生成物
人工智能系统
分配平衡
Liberalism Theory
Artifi cial Intelligence Products
Artifi cial Intelligence Systems
Distribution Balance
