摘要
教育质量提升的新时代,人们开始关注教材质量状况,希望通过科学的教材质量标准来描述、评价和改进教材质量。在课程改革持续深化和教材评价现状亟待改善的背景下,美国联邦政府以教材与课程标准的"一致性"为基本理念主导研制了中小学教学材料评价工具IMET。IMET在课程标准本身架构核心转变的基础上,以"通用设计"和"证据中心设计"为方法,从不可协商一致性标准、一致性标准和质量标准三个维度构建了教材质量评价的标准框架。在不可协商一致性标准维度,IMET关注聚焦、连贯的知识主体,重点关注各年级主要任务及其连贯性;在一致性标准维度,IMET兼顾能力、实践与公平,以话题为线索评价教材发展学生能力、为实践与公平提供的机会;在质量标准维度,IMET明确教材建设的同等责任,要求教材出版商和教材采购者共同规范教材市场和提升教材质量。美国通过清晰明了的实施标准、学区间合作以及教材培训,帮助州和学区完成了教材一致性质量评估,实现了提升教材质量的发展性目的。美国基础教育IMET教材评价标准构建的理念、内容、方法和实施经验,对我国以课程标准为依据、转变教材评价的价值取向,关注教材学科属性、构建评价标准的多维体系,革新教材评价方法、破除评价单一甄选功能具有一定的启示意义。
In the new era which expects the everlasting improvement of education quality,people begin to pay attention to the quality of teaching materials,and hope to describe,evaluate and improve the quality of teaching materials through scientific standards.As the curriculum reform keeps evolving and requires urgent improvement of teaching materials evaluation,IMET was developed by the federal government of the United States which takes the alignment of teaching materials and curriculum standards as its basic concept.Based on the core changes in curriculum standards framework,IMET adopted universal design and evidence center design to evaluate the quality of teaching materials from three dimensions:non-negotiable alignment criterion,alignment criterion and indicators of quality.In the non-negotiable alignment criterion dimension,IMET focuses on a focused,coherent body of knowledge,focusing on the main tasks and their coherence across grades;In the alignment criterion dimension,IMET takes into account ability,practice and equity,evaluates teaching materials and develops students’ abilities based on topics as clues,and provides opportunities for practice and equity;In the indicators of quality dimension,IMET clarifies the responsibility in textbook construction and requires both textbook publishers and purchasers to jointly regulate textbook market and improve textbook quality.Through clear implementation standards,district cooperation,and textbook training,the states and school districts have completed the quality assessments of the alignment of teaching materials and achieved the developmental goal to improve the quality of teaching materials.The concept,content,method and implementation of the IMET in American elementary education brings implications for our country in that:changing the value orientation of teaching materials evaluation based on curriculum standards,paying attention to the subject attributes of teaching materials and constructing multi-dimensional evaluation system of teaching materials,and innovating
作者
李秋实
刘学智
LI Qiushi;LIU Xuezhi(Faculty of Education,Northeast Normal University,Changchun,130024,China)
出处
《比较教育学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2022年第1期154-168,共15页
Journal of Comparative Education
基金
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“大中小学教材的一体化建设和管理研究”(项目编号:16JZD042)。
关键词
美国
教材评价
教材质量
评价标准
America
textbook evaluation
quality of teaching materials
evaluation criterion
