摘要
为进一步提高纳米铝粉的应用性能以及能量水平,采用化学气相沉积(CVD)技术制备了具有核壳结构的Al@PTFE复合材料,研究了反应时间、反应温度等参数对材料制备过程的影响;采用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电镜电子能谱成像分析(TEM-MAPPING)、X射线电子能谱(XPS)等方法分析了材料的结构与组成;采用氧弹法测试了样品的燃烧热,对Al@PTFE复合材料在空气气氛下的燃烧产物进行了结构表征,并分析了复合材料的放热过程。结果表明,Al@PTFE复合材料的最佳制备条件为:采用六氟环氧丙烷与氩气体积比为1∶1,流速为100mL/min,300℃裂解条件下反应60min;Al@PTFE复合材料具有良好的核壳结构,表面包覆层为聚四氟乙烯,厚度约4.5nm;Al@PTFE复合材料在440℃附近存在一个明显的预点火放热过程以及失重现象,失重率为3.5%,与原料纳米铝粉相比,Al-PTFE复合材料燃烧热提升了4.1%,能量显著提高。
In order to further improve the application performance and energetic level of nano-aluminium,the Al@PTFE composite with core-shell structure was prepared by means of chemical vapor deposition(CVD).The effects of reaction time and temperature on material preparation process were studied.The structures and morphologies of the composites were characterized by XRD,SEM,TEM-MAPPING and XPS.The oxygen bomb method was used to test the combustion heat of Al@PTFE.The combustion products of the Al@PTFE in air atmosphere were characterized and the combustion process of composite was analyzed by DSC-TG.The results show that the optimum preparation conditions for the Al@PTFE composites are as follows:the volume ratio of hexafluoropropylene oxide and argon is 1∶1,the flow rate is 100mL/min,the pyrolysis temperature is 300℃,and the reaction time is 60min;Al@PTFE composites have a good core-shell structure by coating polytetrafluoroethylene with a thickness of 4.5nm.There is an obvious exothermic process and a 3.5%mass loss at 440℃.Compared with nano-aluminium,the combustion heat of Al@PTFE is increased by 4.1%.
作者
吕英迪
于宪峰
姚冰洁
姜俊
石强
郑晓东
郭涛
邱少君
LüYing-di;YU Xian-feng;YAO Bing-jie;JIANG Jun;SHI Qiang;ZHENG Xiao-dong;GUO Tao;QIU Shao-jun(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi′an 710072,China;Xi′an Modern Chemistry Research Institute,Xi′an 710065,China;Unit 63961 of PLA,Beijing 100012,China)
出处
《火炸药学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第6期811-818,共8页
Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants
关键词
应用化学
纳米铝粉
化学气相沉积
核壳结构
聚四氟乙烯
PTFE
applied chemistry
nano aluminum powder
chemical vapor deposition(CVD)
core-shell structure
polytetrafluoroethylene
PTFE
