摘要
目的分析重庆市渝北区尘肺病发病特征,为渝北区制定尘肺病防治对策提供依据。方法收集2006-2019年重庆市渝北区新诊断职业性尘肺病病例资料,率的比较采用卡方检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2006-2019年重庆市渝北区新发尘肺病768例,男性为主(767例,99.87%),诊断年龄中位数57岁,煤工尘肺最多(415例,54.04%),不同尘肺病发病分期差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=29.874,P=0.000);期间新发尘肺病出现两个较大的高峰,为2012年(172例,22.40%)和2015年(216例,28.13%),2015年以后发病人数逐年下降;接尘工龄中位数为10年,10年~组段最多(240例,31.25%),各期尘肺接尘工龄分布差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=24.122,P=0.002);采矿业、小型、私营企业病例最多,分别为457例(59.51%)、382例(49.74%)和358例(46.61%)。结论重庆市渝北区近年来每年新增职业性尘肺病人数依然较多,形势不容乐观,建议相关部门加强对重点行业重点企业监管,加大职业性尘肺病防治宣教力度,以促进职业健康。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of pneumoconiosis in Yubei District of Chongqing from 2006 to 2019 so as to provide basis and suggestions for the prevention and control of pneumoconiosis in this district.Methods Data of newly diagnosed occupational pneumoconiosis cases in Yubei District of Chongqing from 2006 to 2019 were collected.Chi-square test was used,and P<0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results From 2006 to 2019,there were 768 new cases of pneumoconiosis in Yubei District,mainly males(767 cases,99.87%)and Coal worker’s pneumoconiosis(415 cases,54.04%).The median age of diagnosis was 57 years old.There was significant difference in different stages of pneumoconiosis(χ^(2)=29.874,P=0.000).During this period,two major peaks of pneumoconiosis were observed in 2012(172 cases,22.40%)and 2015(216 cases,28.13%).After 2015,the number of new pneumoconiosis cases decreased year by year.The median length of exposure to dust was 10 years,and most cases were reported in 10~years group(240 cases,31.25%).There was statistical significance in the distribution of duration of dust exposure in different stages of pneumoconiosis cases(χ^(2)=24.122,P=0.002).Notably,457 cases(59.51%),382 cases(49.74%)and 358 cases(46.61%)were in mining industry,small enterprises and private enterprises,respectively.Conclusion In recent years,the number of new occupational pneumoconiosis cases was still large in Yubei District of Chongqing,and the situation was not optimistic.Relevant departments should strengthen the supervision of key enterprises in key industries,and the propaganda and education on prevention and control of occupational pneumoconiosis to promote occupational health.
作者
李文
廖雪梅
罗琳
胡亚男
LI Wen;LIAO Xuemei;LUO Lin;HU Yanan(Yubei District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 401120,China.)
出处
《职业卫生与病伤》
CAS
2021年第3期148-151,155,共5页
Occupational Health and Damage
关键词
尘肺病
职业病
发病特征
Pneumoconiosis
occupational disease
characteristics of the disease
