摘要
目的探讨环境因素与6~14岁儿童少年屈光参数的关联。方法于2016年9—12月在天津市南开区和红桥区,采用随机整群抽样的方法抽取566名6~14岁学生为研究对象。通过问卷调查、测量屈光度及屈光参数,包括眼轴长度(AL)、中央角膜厚度(CCT)、前房深度(ACD)、晶状体厚度(LT)、玻璃体腔深度(VCD)、角膜曲率半径(CR),通过计算得出轴径比即眼轴长度与角膜曲率半径的比值(AL/CR)和等效球镜屈光度(SER)。采用多因素广义线性模型分析各屈光参数的相关因素。结果研究对象年龄为(9.8±2.5)岁,其中男性302人(53.4%);SER、AL、CCT、ACD、LT、VCD、CR和AL/CR比值分别为(-1.31±1.85)D、(23.67±1.16)mm、(546.60±31.98)μm、(3.06±0.27)mm、(3.48±0.21)mm、(17.12±1.13)mm、(7.78±0.25)mm和3.04±0.14。多因素广义线性模型分析结果显示,在调整年龄、性别、身高、体重、父母教育程度、父母职业和家庭收入后,与每日读写时间>6 h者相比,每日读写时间≤2 h、3~4 h、5~6 h学生的AL和VCD均较小,每日读写时间≤2 h和3~4 h的学生AL/CR比值也较小,每日读写时间3~4 h的学生ACD较小,而LT则较大(P值均<0.05);与每日睡眠时间>9 h者相比,每日睡眠时间8 h和9 h的学生AL较大,每日睡眠时间8 h的学生CCT较大,每日睡眠时间≤7 h的学生CR较大(P值均<0.05);与每日电子屏幕使用时间>1.5 h者相比,使用时间≤1.5 h的学生AL、VCD和CR较小(P值均<0.05)。结论每日读写时间、每日电子屏幕使用时间和每日睡眠时间是与眼睛屈光参数相关的主要环境因素。
Objective To explore the relationship between environmental factors and refractive parameters of children and adolescents aged 6 to 14 years old.Methods A total of 566 students aged 6 to 14 years old were selected by using random cluster sampling method in Nankai District and Hongqiao District of Tianjin from September to December 2016.Questionnaires were conducted and refractive parameters were measured including axial length(AL),central corneal thickness(CCT),anterior chamber depth(ACD)and lens thickness(LT).Vitreous chamber depth(VCD),corneal radius(CR),the ratio of axial length to corneal radius(AL/CR)and equivalent spherical diopter(SER)were calculated.Multivariate generalized linear model was used to analyze the related factors of refractive parameters.Results The average age of the subjects was(9.8±2.5)years old,including 302 male students(53.4%).The overall SER,AL,CCT,ACD,LT,VCD,CR and AL/CR ratios were(-1.31±1.85)D,(23.67±1.16)mm,(23.67±1.16)mm,(546.60±31.98)μm,(3.06±0.27)mm,(3.48±0.21)mm,(17.12±1.13)mm,(7.78±0.25)mm and 3.04±0.14,respectively.Multivariate generalized linear model analysis showed that after adjusting for age,gender,height,weight,education level of parents,occupation of parents and family income,compared with those whose daily reading and writing time>6 hours,the AL and VCD of students with daily reading and writing time≤2 hours,3-4 hours or 5-6 hours were smaller,and the AL/CR ratio of students with daily reading and writing time≤2 hours or 3-4 hours were also smaller(all P<0.05).Compared with those having daily sleep time>9 hours,the students with daily sleep time of 8 hours or 9 hours had higher AL,while the students with daily sleep time of 8 hours had higher CCT,and the students with daily sleep time≤7 hours had higher CR(all P<0.05).Compared with those whose daily electronic screen usage time>1.5 hours,the AL,VCD and CR of students who used electronic screen≤1.5 hours per day were lower(all P<0.05).Conclusions Daily reading and writing time,daily electronic screen
作者
崔庭凯
刘盛鑫
席薇
高磊
叶盛
张欣
Cui Tingkai;Liu Shengxin;Xi Wei;Gao Lei;Ye Sheng;Zhang Xin(School of Public Health,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300070,China;School of Management,Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Tianjin 301617,China)
出处
《中华预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期453-459,共7页
Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine
基金
天津市科技支撑计划重点项目(15ZCZDSY01050)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(81673200)。
关键词
屈光
眼
流行病学因素
儿童
环境因素
Refraction,Ocular
Epidemiologic factors
Child
Environment
