摘要
【目的】丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)有利于作物对养分的吸收。在镉、铅污染的土壤中,作物常将镉、铅积累在秸秆中,随着秸秆的还田而释放回土壤。探究前茬蚕豆秸秆还田和丛枝菌根真菌单施或联合施用对土壤肥力、后茬玉米的矿质养分与镉、铅吸收的影响,为AMF在调控污染农田轮作体系矿质养分与镉铅累积的生态功能提供新认识。【方法】采用四室隔板分室系统进行蚕豆秸秆降解试验,供试土壤和蚕豆秸秆均来源于云南省会泽铅锌矿区污染区,土壤全镉和铅含量分别为4.5和269.0 mg/kg,蚕豆秸秆镉和铅含量分别为1.9和10.9 mg/kg。将蚕豆秸秆粉碎至粒径0.5~2.0 mm装入尼龙袋中,埋于土壤内进行腐解培养试验。玉米盆栽试验设4个处理:污染土壤对照(CK)、接种AMF菌根(AMF)、添加蚕豆秸秆(SI)、接种AMF菌根同时添加蚕豆秸秆(SI+AMF)。分析AMF对蚕豆秸秆降解、矿质养分(N、P、K)与镉铅释放、土壤速效养分含量、玉米生长、矿质营养和镉铅吸收的影响。【结果】接种AMF显著提高蚕豆秸秆的降解量、矿质养分和镉铅释放量,促进蚕豆秸秆降解。与AMF处理相比,AMF+SI处理玉米根系的AMF侵染率提高了12%。SI处理显著增加土壤速效养分含量和玉米植株钾含量,降低玉米根部的镉含量,但对玉米株高和生物量没有显著影响。接种AMF、SI+AMF处理显著提高土壤速效氮、磷、钾含量,增加玉米氮、磷、钾含量与吸收量,显著提高玉米株高和生物量,同时显著降低土壤有效态镉、铅含量和玉米植株镉、铅含量。双因素分析表明,接种AMF和添加秸秆对土壤速效氮、磷、钾含量影响显著,但接种AMF对植株矿质元素吸收量、土壤有效态镉、铅含量和植株镉、铅含量作用显著,接种AMF与添加秸秆对各测定指标没有显著的交互作用。【结论】AMF能促进前茬秸秆降解、养分和镉铅的释放�
【Objectives】Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)stimulates the uptake of mineral nutrients by crops.In cadmium(Cd)and lead(Pb)contaminated soil,crops often accumulate Cd and Pb in straws,and release them back to soil with the incorporation of straws.We explored the effects of fore crop(faba bean)straw returning and AMF single or combined application on soil fertility,mineral nutrients,Cd and Pb absorption of succeeding maize,so as to provide new understanding for the ecological function of AMF in regulating mineral nutrients,cadmium and lead accumulation in polluted farmland rotation system.w were 1.9 mg/kg and 10.9 mg/kg.For the determination of straw degradation,faba straws were ground to 0.5-2.0 mm length,placed into nylon bags,and buried into the soil with or without AMF inoculation.A maize pot experiment was carried out with treatments of the contaminated soil.The treatments in the study were:contaminated soil as control(CK),addition of faba straw(SI),addition of AMF(AMF),and addition of both straw and AMF(AMF+SI).The contents of NPK,Cd and Pb in soil and maize plants were measured.【Results】AMF inoculation significantly promoted the degradation of faba bean straw and the release of Cd and Pb.SI treatment increased contents of soil available nutrients and K content of maize,decreased Cd content in the roots of maize,but had no significant effect on maize height and biomass.AMF and AMF+SI significantly enhanced the available NPK contents in soil,increased the content and uptake of NPK,plant height and biomass of maize,decreased available Cd and Pb contents in soil as well as total Cd and Pb contents in maize plants,but did not affect Cd and Pb uptakes of plant.AMF+SI increased soil available nutrients,promoted nutrient absorptions,and decreased plant Cd and Pb contents than AMF did.【Conclusions】AMF promoted degradation of faba bean straw and release of nutrients and heavy metals.However,combined incorporation of AMF and straw in soil improved maize growth,but not the absorption of Cd and Pb.Thus,incor
作者
李胜宝
师俊杰
何永美
李博
阎凯
湛方栋
段红平
LI Sheng-bao;SHI Jun-jie;HE Yong-mei;LI Bo;YAN Kai;ZHAN Fang-dong;DUAN Hong-ping(College of Resources and Environment,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,650201,China)
出处
《植物营养与肥料学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第4期684-694,共11页
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41661056)
云南省重点研发项目(2019BC001-04)
云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才培养项目(2018HB043)。
关键词
丛枝菌根真菌
秸秆降解
矿质营养
镉铅含量
蚕豆–玉米轮作
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
straw degradation
mineral nutrition
cadmium/lead content
faba bean-maize rotation
